【作者】 王瀛；

【导师】 段振云；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳工业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着近些年能源短缺与经济社会发展之间矛盾的凸显,风电行业作为新能源行业的代表,已经步入发展的快车道。在中国,近五年来,风机容量已经从750KW等小型机组发展到1.5MW、3MW等中型和大型机组,并且个别公司已经研发出了6MW的机组。风力发电机运行条件恶劣,风机轴承作为风力发电机的重要部件,对其性能的测试尤其重要,因此需要开发一种测试风机轴承性能的设备——轴承试验机。本课题的任务是对3MW风力发电机轴承试验机关键部件的机械结构进行载荷分析和有限元分析,以满足测试风机轴承的要求。首先,本论文在大量收集相近设备的资料后,最终确定了轴承试验机的总体设计方案,并利用三维建模软件PRO/E对设备进行了实体建模。本轴承试验机采用双轴卧式结构,此结构不但能够两端加载,减小了设备的整体尺寸,而且安装试验轴承更加方便。其次,依据动量理论、叶素理论、动量—叶素理论以及风机载荷的计算方法,得出了主轴轴承、变浆轴承和偏航轴承的轴向力、径向力以及倾覆力矩的载荷情况。最后,为了轴承试验机关键部件的强度、刚度校核与优化设计,应用有限元分析软件对3MW风力发电机轴承试验机关键部件——轴承支架及左侧、右侧加载支架的强度和动力学特性进行分析。在分析中,对增加支架壁厚和增加梯形筋板两种方案进行了比较,对比两种方案的利弊,并根据计算结果进行强度校核,还得出其前6阶固有频率和对应的振型,为轴承试验机支架结构优化设计提供了理论依据。最终确定了满足静力学分析和模态分析要求的支架结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the conflict between the recent energy shortages and the economic development was highlighted, as the representative of new energy industry, wind power industry has entered the fast track of development. The last five years in China, wind turbine capacity has increased from 750KW to 1.5MW or 3MW, and a few companies have developed 6MW wind turbines. Wind turbine always run in complex environment, as key components, it is essential to test wind turbine bearings properties, so we need develop a testing machine to test their properties. To meet the test requirements of wind turbine bearings, the task of the subject is to do load analysis and finite element analysis to the key components of testing machine of 3MW wind turbine bearings.At first, in this thesis, after collected a large number of information about the similar devices, ultimately, we determined the overall design of the testing machine and with the help of PRO/E, the three-dimensional model of this machine was established. The structure is horizontal type with double axes, this structure is not only can load on both ends, reducing the overall size of machine, but also more convenient when install the test bearings. Secondly, based on momentum theory, blade element theory, momentum-blade element theory, axial force, radial force and overturning moment of spindle bearings, pitch bearings and yaw bearings were calculated. At last, the static strength and dynamic properties of testing machine key components of 3MW wind turbine bearing were analyzed to obtain the strength and stiffness check as well as the optimizing design of key components of bearing testing machine. The program of increase in wall thickness and add the trapezoidal ribs were compared, through contrast the advantages and disadvantages of two programs, and the strength was checked and satisfied with the demand of material strength. The former five orders natural frequencies and corresponding modes were obtained, which provides scientific basis for future design. At last, the structure of frame which meets the static analysis and modal analysis requirements were supplied.更多还原