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基于光谱匹配的高光谱岩矿识别技术研究
【作者】 黄婷婷；
【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 计算机软件与理论， 2012， 硕士
【摘要】 作为一种新型的遥感方式,高光谱遥感在近20多年内已经在多个领域发挥着重要的作用。高光谱遥感数据具有波段数目多、光谱分辨率高、波段连续等特点,在地表物质分类、识别等方面具有明显的优势。在地质调查领域,特别是矿物识别和矿物填图等方面,得到了广泛的应用,岩矿光谱识别是其中的关键技术之一。本文以高光谱岩矿识别为中心进行深入研究,重点研究岩矿光谱匹配技术以及面向光谱匹配的岩矿光谱数据库的建立。首先在标准PIMA光谱库的基础上结合PMS光谱分析仪的探测建立典型岩矿光谱数据库；然后基于该光谱库进行比较实验,研究分析了目前主流的岩矿光谱匹配识别技术,进一步提出了一种基于吸收峰加权的岩矿光谱匹配新方法,该方法在利用岩矿光谱曲线完全波形特征的同时,加强了单个诊断性特征以突出描述光谱的重要信息,能有效提高岩矿信息的识别率,并通过基于光谱库的岩矿光谱匹配和基于不同物化性质的光谱间分类两方面进行试验分析验证其性能；最后根据典型岩矿光谱数据库和光谱匹配技术,设计实现了一套基于光谱匹配的高光谱岩矿识别系统,并通过试验验证了该系统具有对未知岩矿光谱进行直接识别的功能,这不仅能够在实验室中为人们对未知岩矿光谱研究和识别提供有利工具,在野外探测时,同样能够为人们在提取地表信息时提供帮助。
【Abstract】 During the last 20 years, hyperspectral remote sensing has been playing an important role in many fields. Compared to Multi-spectrum remote sensing, the characteristics of hyperspectral remote sensing data are more of channels, higher spectral resolution, narrower bandwidth and larger amount of data,all of these characteristics in the surface mineral classification and recognition has a great advantage. so, it has being widely used in geology survey field, such as mineral recognition and mineral mapping. In these applications, the spectral mapping technique is one of the key techniques.In this paper, we focus on the hyperspectral mineral recognition technique and then do research around this subject. So, the importance is the research about spectral mapping technique and a useful and effective database. At first, we use the database(PIMA) and the infrared spectrometric analyzer(PMS) to bulid a useful and effective database; then, on this basis, contrast and analyse some spectral mapping technique in common use, develope and validate a new spectral mapping technique, this new technique use all of the curve’s feature and strengthens the single diagnostic feature to improve the rate of mineral recognition. We also do some experiments from mineral recognition and spectral classification to validate this technique, then summarize its advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, according to the database and these mapping techniques,the author codes the algorithms and carry out it on database data to experiment and approve the algorithms’ veracity, it’s not only for people in the laboratory to recognize mineral, but also for the people in the wild to extract the information of surface.
【Key words】 spectral match； spectral library； absorption peaks； pretreatment；