【作者】 田一男；

【导师】 杨猛；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳航空航天大学 ， 设计艺术学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国老龄化的加剧,老年人出行的比例增加,成为社会活动的主要成员。但随着城市的不断扩大和经济的快速发展,使得乘坐公共交通工具出行成为大中城市老年人最重要的出行方式。而专门针对老年人的公共交通标识的设计与开发还很欠缺,目前有很多城市已经意识到老龄化的严重性并提出了一些解决方案。但是,只是针对几个问题点的解决方案,并没有形成一套系统的专门针对老龄群体的公共交通标识设计方案。本文通过分析和归纳老年人的生理和心理变化特点,观察老年人的行为特征。分析公共标识设计的基本原则,了解其实质,提出公共标识设计原则的核心是人性化,追求的是平等的使用性。从而寻求到以公共标识设计原则为老年人设计的依据。以沈阳市公共交通标识设计存在的问题为例,通过对国内外调研案例的分析、归纳和总结实验数据以及对相关文献资料提证等方式,从老年人对文字、色彩、图形、材料、位置、采光、声音等方面的特殊生理需求提出解决方案。如在文字上对各种字形特点、字号大小、细部处理对比分析适合老年人阅读的字体;老年人由于视知觉的退化,在色彩、图形符号的辨识度上都与青年人不同;材料方面的选择能给老年人带来不同的心理感受;位置方面分析了老年人身高、眼高的情况及获取导示信息流畅度等因素;采光方面分析了适合老年人光感度特点的光照强度;在声音上归纳了声音导示的几种形式;提出了新型的电子公交站牌的应用情况。最后将理论分析应用于针对沈阳市老龄群体的公共交通导示设计中,希望能为其提供些理论参考和解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the aggravation of ageing in China, the proportion of senior citizens going out is increasing, and they become the main members of public activities. With the expansion of city and the rapid development of economic, going out by public vehicles is the main way for senior citizens. While the design and exploration of the public transit identification especially for senior citizens are still very lack. At present, many cities have realized the ponderance of ageing problem, and offered some solutions. However, it only directs at some problems and hasn’t formed a system aimed at the public transit identification design proposal for ageing group.Through analyzing and summarizing the physiology and psychology characters of senior citizens, this thesis observes senior citizens’behavior characteristics, and analyzes the basic principle of the public identification design, as well as gets its essence, and point out that hommization is the core of the public identification design, and pursues the equal applicability. Then gets the point that it should deign for ageing group basic on the public identification design principle.This thesis uses Shenyang public transit identification problems as an example, through the analisis, conclution and summarization of experiment data and gaining the evidence of relative documents to point out the solution proposals of senior citizens’special physiology needs such as charaters, color, graph, material, position, lighting and voice. For example, as for characters, it can contrasts and analyzes the suitable script for senior citizens’reading through the font characters, word size and detail disposing. Through analyzing the involution of old peple’s visual perception to approve that old people’s color and mark recognization degree is different with young people. Choosing the natural material to give warm and relaxed psychological feeling to old people; for the position aspect, analyzing old people’s height and eye height and reading fluency for getting the information; for lighting, analyzing the suitable luminous intensity for old people; for voice, summarizing some voice direct methods;put forward a new type of electronic bus stop board application. Finally, apply the theory analysis in Shenyang senior citizen public transit identification design and offer some theory reference and solutions for this issue.更多还原