【作者】 张雄；

【导师】 魏砾宏；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳航空航天大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国污水处理厂不断完善,污泥产量急剧增加。污泥干燥能有效的减少污泥体积,使污泥稳定化,干燥后的污泥还能作为能源使用。但对不同污水污泥处理工艺条件下污泥干燥特性及其冷凝液的水质特性研究较少。本文主要针对不同污水和污泥处理方式对污泥颗粒的干燥特性影响进行研究,重点分析了温度对污泥干燥过程中产生的冷凝液的水质影响及其有机物成分的变化规律。本文选取三种不同类型的脱水污泥,分别制成3种粒度的污泥颗粒,在65℃、85℃、105℃和125℃条件下进行恒温干燥实验。结果表明,减小污泥颗粒和增大干燥温度均可缩短污泥完全干燥时间,提高污泥的最大干燥速率;消化污泥干燥速率最高,曝气生物滤池污泥次之,剩余污泥最低。通过扫描电镜分析干燥后的污泥可知:消化污泥表面非常粗糙,结构比较松散;剩余污泥表面相对比较光滑,结构密实;而曝气生物滤池污泥表面比较粗糙,结构比较致密。污泥表面的粗糙程度与等温干燥速率正相关。本文在实验室条件下利用油浴锅模拟污泥低温干燥,研究了不同温度条件下冷凝液水质特性和有机物组成。结果表明,温度高于185℃时,冷凝液COD和NH₄⁺-N浓度分别超过2000mg/L和1000mg/L,属于高浓度有机废水,需要进行处理后达标排放。冷凝液有机物组成成分较为复杂:在低温阶段（105℃¹45℃）以醇类和链状烷烃为主,含量分别为23%和35%;在高温阶段（205℃）以烯烃和芳香烃为主,含量分别为19.39%和26.34%。通过对比,冷凝液中有机污染物均不属于《地表水环境质量标准》中监控污染物和EPA优先控制污染物,可见冷凝液中有机污染物的毒性相对较低。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the constant perfection of the sewage treatment plant, the sludge production sharp increases. Sludge drying technology can effectively reduce the sludge volume and make the sludge stabilized. Even the sludge can be used as energy source after drying. However, the research on sludge drying characteristics and the water quality of the condensate with different sewage sludge treatments has not been reported widely. This paper mainly studies the effects on sludge particle drying characteristics from different sewage and sludge treatments and emphatically analyses the drying temperature influence on the water quality and the change law of organic compounds composition of the drying condensate.Three dewatered sludge with different particle sizes were dried at constant temperature 65℃, 85℃, 105℃and 125℃respectively. The results showed that reducing sludge particle size or increasing the drying temperature had good effect on improving the drying rate of sludge. The drying rates of three sludges were followed by digested sludge, biological aerated filter sludge and excess sludge, respectively. SEM analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the micro-morphologies of three sludges, such as digested sludge with very rough surface and loose structure, excess sludge with smooth surface and dense structure and biological aerated filter sludge with rough surface and less dense structure. Therefore, there was a positive correlation between the surface roughness of sludge and the drying rate.In this paper,the water quality and organic compounds composition of the liquor condensate has been analyzed through the simulation for sludge low-temperature drying under laboratory conditions. The results showed that: when the temperature was higher than 185℃, the COD and NH₄⁺-N concentrations of the liquor condensate was respectively more than 2000mg/L and 1000mg/L, which belongs to the high concentration organic wastewater and could not be discharged without proper treatment to reach the standard. The organic compositions in the liquor condensate were complicated: in low temperature stage （105℃ ¹45℃）, the main components were alcohol and chain alkane, the content of which were 23% and 32% severally; In high temperature stage （205℃）, the mains were olefins and aromatics, the contents were 19.39% and 26.34% respectively. There were no organic pollutants controlled in《Surface Water Environment Quality Standard》and EPA in the condensate. Therefore the toxic of condensate is relatively lower.更多还原