【作者】 陆娟娟；

【导师】 夏中生；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验旨在研究在奥尼罗非鱼饲料中添加不同浓度的低聚果糖(FOS)以及分别添加益生元(低聚果糖)、益生素(枯草芽孢杆菌)、抗生素(金霉素)对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、血清非特异性免疫指标以及肠道微生物的影响。试验一：本试验选用体重10g左右的奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus)随机分成6个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。添加0%的低聚果糖(FOS)组为对照组,其余5组添加FOS的量分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5%。进行8周的饲养试验。研究其对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、血清非特异性免疫和肠道微生物的影响。结果表明,奥尼罗非鱼饲料中添加0.4%-0.5%的FOS时,其相对增重率较对照组分别显著提高24.45%和28.27%(P<0.05),饵料系数分别显著降低13.87%和18.98%(P<0.05),且两个添加组无显著差异。血清总蛋白、白蛋白总体呈上升趋势,添加0.4%、0.5%FOS组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。添加0.4%、0.5%FOS组血清酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。添加0.4%、0.5%FOS组肠道双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌较对照组显著上升,大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌较对照组显著降低(P<0.05)。本试验建议在奥尼罗非鱼饲料中FOS的适宜添加量为0.4%-0.5%。试验二：本试验选用体重20g左右的奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus)随机分成5个组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾。添加0%的低聚果糖(FOS)组为对照组,其余4组分别添加量为0.4%FOS、0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌、0.4%FOS+0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌、0.1%的金霉素。进行8周的饲养试验。研究其对奥尼罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、血清非特异性免疫和肠道微生物的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加0.4%FOS+0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌、100mg/kg金霉素组的相对增重率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别提高29.43%和27.18%,各组瞬间增重率都有所提高,其中添加0.4%FOS+0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌、100mg/kg金霉素组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别提高17.18%和15.95%,添加0.4%FOS+0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌、100mg/kg金霉素组的饵料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05),都降低了21.58%。与对照组相比,各处理组的血清T-Cho有所降低,添加0.4%FOS+0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌、100mg/kg金霉素组显著低于对照组(P<0.05),分别降低22.84%、24.28%；添加0.4%FOS+0.2%枯草芽孢杆菌血清酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶、溶菌酶显著高于对照组,肠道双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌较对照组显著上升,大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌较对照组显著降低。由此可见,在奥尼罗非鱼饲料中添加FOS、枯草芽孢杆菌、金霉素均能提高鱼体的生长性能、提高鱼体的非特异性免疫、血清生化指标、能有效改善奥尼罗非鱼肠道微生态环境。联用低聚果糖和枯草芽孢杆菌能达到替代抗生素的使用效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of dietary fructo-oligosaccharide(FOS) and adding the prebiotic (FOS), probiotics (Bacillus subtilis), antibiotics (CTC) on the growth performence,serum biochemical indexes,nonspecific immunity and intestinal microflora of Oreochromis niloticus×O. Aureus.In experiment 1,tilapia were randomly divided into six treatments with three replicates per treatment and thrity tilapias per replicate.Diets containing FOS 0%(control group),0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.4%、0.5% were fed to tilapia with initial body weight of lOg for 8 weeks to investigate the effect of adding FOS in diets on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,serum nonspecific immune index and intestinal microflora of (Oreochromis niloticus×O.-aureus).Compared with the control group,adding with 0.4% -0.5%FOS weight growth rate were significantly increased 24.45% and 28.27% (P <0.05),FCR were significantly decreased 13.87% and 18.98% (P<0.05). Serum total protein, albumin rised, adding 0.4%,0.5% FOS group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Serum acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme added 0.4%,0.5% FOS group was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).Added 0.4%,0.5% FOS group intestinal Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus was significantly increased compared with the control group, E. coli, Salmonella, significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).The FOS supplement in diets is suggested to be 0.4%-0.5% for tilapia.In experiment 2:tilapia were randomly divided into five treatments with three replicates per treatment and thrity tilapias per replicate.Diets containing FOS 0%(control group),0.4% FOS,0.2% Bacillus subtilis, 0.4% FOS+0.2% Bacillus subtilis,0.1% chlortetracycline were fed to tilapia with initial body weight of 20g for 8 weeks to investigate the effect of adding three of supplements in diets on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,serum nonspecific immune index and intestinal microflora of (Oreochromis niloticus XO.-aureus).The results showed that compared with control group, adding 0.4% FOS+0.2% Bacillus subtilis,0.1% chlortetracycline group were significantly increased 29.43% and 27.18% (P<0.05), SGR in each group were improved, which added 0.4% FOS+0.2% Bacillus subtilis,0.1% chlortetracycline group was significantlyincreased 17.18% and 15.95% (P<0.05),adding 0.4% FOS +0.2%Bacillus subtilis,0.1% chlortetracycline group of FCR was significantly decreased 21.58% than the control group (P<0.05) Compared with the control group, the treatment groups decreased serum T-Cho, adding 0.4% FOS+0.2% Bacillus subtilis,0.1% chlortetracycline group were significantlydecreased by 22.84%,24.28%(P<0.05), Adding 0.4% FOS +0.2% Bacillus subtilis group serum acid phosphatase, alkalinephosphatase, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme were significantly increased(P<0.05),bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria were significantly increased(P<0.05), compared with the control group.E. coli, Salmonella, were significantly decreased(P<0.05)than the control group.In summary, FOS,Bacillus subtilis and chlortetracycline supplements in tilapia diets can increase their growth performance, nonspecific immunity and the intestinal microbial environment,.Combined with FOS and Bacillus subtilis can replace the antibiotics.更多还原