【作者】 龙滕；

【导师】 陈惠芳；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络是一种融合了计算机、微电子和通信的新兴技术,广泛应用在国防军事、环境监测和医疗监控等领域。随着无线传感器网络的广泛应用,其安全问题显得愈加重要,而密钥管理是保证网络安全的一个重要技术。由于传感器节点在数据处理能力、存储能力、电池能量等方面的受限特性,传统的密钥管理方法无法直接应用于无线传感器网络。因而,研究高效低能耗的无线传感器网络的密钥管理方案具有重要的意义。论文在总结现有的无线传感器网络群组密钥管理方案的基础上,研究了具有自愈能力的群组密钥管理方案,并提出了一种通信开销较小的自愈群组密钥管理方案。所提出的方案引入了密钥链树结构,根据每个传感器节点在密钥链树叶子上的位置分配节点私钥,并根据所有撤销节点在叶子上的分布情况构造广播包,有效的减少了更新会话密钥引起的通信开销。仿真结果验证了论文提出的自愈群组密钥管理方案的有效性。论文还对基于分簇结构的无线传感器网络群组密钥管理方案进行了研究,提出了一种新的通信开销较小的分簇密钥管理方案。在一个有多个簇头节点的簇内,簇头由一个簇头节点担任,进行密钥管理,并及时向其他簇头节点发送簇内密钥这些更新信息,简化了簇头更换后的重新成簇与初始化过程,减少了网络的通信开销。仿真结果验证了论文提出的分簇密钥管理方案的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new technology, combining with computer science, microelectronics and telecommunications. It is widely applied in many fields like national defense and military, environment and medical monitoring. With the broad application of WSN, security issue is becoming more important. To ensure the security, key management is the crux. However, classic algorithms of key management can’t be applied in WSN directly because of the limitation on data processing, storage capacity, battery energy and so on. Therefore, it is important to study the energy-efficient key management schemes in a WSN.On the basis of summarizing the current group key management schemes over WSN, self-healing scheme is studied in this paper. Furthermore, a new scheme which has low communication cost is proposed. The new scheme introduces the structure of key chain tree (KCT). Private keys of the sensor nodes are assigned according to their locations on the leaf of KCT. Due to the locations of revoke nodes, broadcast packets are constructed. In this way, communication cost is decreased caused by the update of session keys. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme of self-healing group key management is efficient.This paper also discusses clustering group key management, and presents a new scheme of group key management based on clustering. Many cluster head nodes exist in a clustering group, and one of them acts as cluster head. Cluster head takes charge of key management, and transmits key management information to other cluster nodes. The scheme simplifies the process of re-clustering and initialization, then decreases the communication cost caused by cluster head alternating. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme of clustering group key management is efficient.更多还原