【作者】 杜玉辉；

【导师】 楼波； 李茂东；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 动力工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 工业锅炉冷凝水回收是提高锅炉热效率、降低能耗的重要途径之一。蒸汽的热能由显热和潜热两部分组成,通常用汽设备只利用蒸汽的潜热和少量的显热,释放潜热和少量的显热后的蒸汽还原成高温的冷凝水,冷凝水是饱和的高温软化水,其热能价值占蒸汽热能价值的25%左右,而且也是洁净的蒸馏水,适合重新作为锅炉给水。蒸汽在各用汽设备中放出汽化潜热后,变为近乎同温同压下的饱和冷凝水,冷凝水所具有的热量压力、温度越高,冷凝水具有的热量就越多,占蒸汽总热量的比例也就越大。理论上冷凝水是纯净的蒸馏水,适合重新作为工业锅炉给水,但是由于工业锅炉给水是软化水,而且除氧工艺不完善,导致了工业锅炉蒸汽冷凝水pH值偏低、氧含量偏高,氧腐蚀和酸腐蚀严重,这是冷凝水污染程度大小的主要原因。此外,换热设备频繁的蒸汽供停,产生热应力拉伸而导致设备泄漏以及回收管网的不严密,造成混入不纯物质或不凝气也导致冷凝水杂质含量偏高,污染严重。本研究课题主要针对目前冷凝水系统特点,解决目前工业锅炉冷凝水回收装置存在的闪蒸损失大、无净化水质装置、管路系统腐蚀大的缺点,通过研究开发一种密闭式冷凝水回收一体化装置,集热量回收、水质净化和系统防腐于一体,使得经过此装置处理后的冷凝水不仅热量得到了很好的利用,而且水质达到GB/T 1576-2008《工业锅炉水质》的要求,可直接作为给水输送进入锅炉。消除目前一些冷凝水回收装置在节能的同时又增加锅炉的结垢速率和带入锅炉腐蚀性杂质的问题,真正达到节能、节水、环保的目的。该研究的关键在于冷凝水回收净化的过程始终在闭式系统中进行,不与空气接触,而且回收过程水质得到净化,系统得到防腐,因而要依据科学的理论进行回收系统的合理设计和研究选择合适的净化防腐技术。同时,作为一项完整的系统工程,冷凝水闭式回收净化系统不仅需要有能力解决水击、泵汽蚀、高低压共网、水质保证等问题的专有回收设备,还需要锅炉、热设备、疏水装置、收集装置、管网、水处理装置、控制系统等各环节的有效匹配,才能最大限度地发挥系统的效率和优势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industrial boiler condensate recovery is one of the important ways to improve boiler thermal efficiency and reducing energy consumption .Steam heat includes sensible heat and latent heat. Steam equipment usually used steam latent heat and a small amount of sensible heat. The steam has a high-temperature condensation after the release of latent heat and a small amount of sensible heat. Condensate is saturate softened water with a high-temperature , and take about 25% heat energy of steam, suited for boiler feed water again for clean distilled water. after the release of latent heat of vaporization , the Steam becomes almost the same temperature and pressure of saturated condensate in the steam equipment. The heat of Condensation water is increase with pressure and temperature, and has a higher proportion of total calories. Condensate is pure distilled water in theory, suited for boiler feed water .But in the fact, It easy lead to the industrial boiler steam condensate low pH, , high oxygen content because of the industrial boiler feed water softened and the oxygen process is imperfectmake severe acid corrosion and oxygen corrosion, which is the main reason for the condensation water pollution. In addition, the steam heat exchanger stops, frequently resulting in thermal stress caused in recovery equipment, pipe leakage and resulting in non-condensable gas mixed with impure substances and condensed water pollution. The research focused on the characteristics of the current condensate system, which can resolve the current industrial boiler condensate recovery problems such as: flash loss, water purification, piping system corrosion major shortcomings. By studying the development of an integrated closed condensate recovery unit, including heat recovery, water purification and corrosion in one system. this treatment device not only put the heat of condensation of water has been used, and water suit for GB / T 1576-2008《Industrial Boiler Water Quality》requirements,but also directly as boiler feed delivery. Eliminate the boiler corrosion problems in for increasing the boiler fouling rate and impurities in some of current condensate recovery ,and get a good energy efficiency, water conservation, environmental protection. The key of this study is the system closed and without contact air in purification condensate recovery, and purify the recycling water the system has corrosion prevention. Based on scientific theory of rational recovery system design and research, we will get to choose the right cleaning anti-corrosion technology. Meanwhile, as a complete system engineering, closed recycling condensate purification system not only capable of solving water hammer, pump cavitations, high and low pressure mixed network, but also need to considerate collection in heating, drainage devices, collect device, pipe network, water treatment equipment, control systems, in the end for attaining maximize system efficiency and advantages.更多还原