【作者】 李强；

【导师】 胡明；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 机床切削振动一直是制约机械加工质量的最重要的因素之一,其控制已经得到广泛关注。本文首先通过对各种减振方法的比较,说明磁流变液(MRF)在车床刀架减振中的优越性,并将其引入切削振动的抑制过程,由于磁流变液制成的阻尼器结构简单、响应速度快、功耗低、阻尼力大且连续可调,是一种典型的可控流体阻尼器,适用于振动控制,有取代传统减振器的发展趋势。目前在振动控制中经常采用的是半主动振动控制,这是由于半主动控制无需附加能源、具有能耗低、容易实现等特点决定的。在安装有磁流变阻尼器的减振系统中,通过改变输入电流改变阻尼力或者改变阻尼器的阻尼系数,可实现车床刀架减振系统的半主动控制。其次对车床刀架振动抑制进行理论分析,根据磁流变材料在振动中的应用,对磁流变阻尼器进行了物理建模,利用非牛顿流体修正的宾汉姆模型,建立了该阻尼器的力学模型。利用该模型绘制和分析了位移——阻尼力和速度——阻尼力之间的关系曲线,从而证明了该模型的正确性,同时也为设计车床刀架减振模糊控制系统提供了较为准确的模型。最后,以车床刀架系统为研究对象,建立了车床刀架振动抑制的数学模型,然后从模糊控制的理论知识出发,对模糊控制器的设计方法和模糊控制的实现方法进行了分析和研究,接着,利用模糊控制理论,应用MATLAB软件及其Simulink进行仿真。本文给出了模糊控制规则表,设计了模糊控制器,建立了模糊控制系统。通过对模糊控制系统的仿真分析,比较被动控制和基于模糊控制的半主动控制下车床刀架减振系统的减振效果。结果表明：基于模糊控制的半主动控制能很好的抑制车床刀架的振动；同时也证明本文中模糊控制方法的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the most important factors which influenced the machining quality, machine cutting chatter has aroused extensive concern. In the dissertation, via compare diversified vibration reduction methods, and the MR fluid is applied to the chatter suppression. Because the Magnetorheological fluid damper has advantages of compactness, low power requirements, wide dynamic ranges and fast reaction. It is a typical controllable fluid damper. It is suitable for vibration control and has development trend of displace traditional vibration reduction damper. Semi-active control is often used in vibration reduction, there are some advantages in semi-active control, without energy source, easy going, etc. Semi-active vibration reduction control is effect by changing input electric current or the damp coefficient of lathe’s tool post vibration reduction system.Then, theoretical analysis of lathe’s tool post vibration reduction based on the application of MR material in vibration, and physical modeling of MR fluid damper have been made in the article. MR dynamic model is obtained by using the amendatory Bingham model, the design parameter of damper and analyse relation curve of displacement with damp force and speed with damp force, prove the validity of the model, at the same time, provide exact model for design lathe’s tool post vibration reduction fuzzy control system.Finally, based on research object of lathe’s tool post system, built the mathematics model of restrain lathe’s tool post vibration in MR fluid damper. The fundamental theory of the fuzzy control is introduced in the article. And the design and implementation method of the fuzzy controller are also discussed and researched. Based on fuzzy control method, and simulated by MATLAB and Simulink software. The fuzzy control rules are listed and the fuzzy controller is designed. Simulated by Simulink, the lathe’s tool post vibration reduction result compared passive control with semi-active control based on fuzzy control are presented. It is indicated that semi-active vibration reduction based on fuzzy control has an advantage in restrain lathe’s tool post vibration and prove fuzzy control takes an effective performance in lathe’s tool post vibration reduction system.更多还原