【作者】 王震；

【导师】 王宝治；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 就法学基本理论而言,法律规定了公民应有的权利,同时也必然保障其实现权利的救济,即“有权利必有救济,没有救济的权利是虚无的”。当今世界各国在规定法律主体实体权利制度时,也建立了较为完善的程序权利制度,而公民的申诉权利是此程序权利制度中的一项非常重要的权利类型,保障和完善公民的申诉权利是一个国家法治进步的重要标志。普通高等学校学生的法律主体地位在我国法律中已经有明确的界定,学生享有受教育的权利、人身权、财产权、权利受到侵害的救济权等权利,已经在我国宪法、法律、以及相关行政法规中明确规定,因此,目前我国法律对学生的实体性权利以及救济性权利的保障体系可谓具有广泛性、科学性、有效性。然而遗憾的是在法律实践中学生当面对外力对自己合法权利的侵害往往束手无策。学生申诉权及其申诉权的相应制度,不具有现实的可操作性。事实上,人们已经认识到法律规定的不足,在法学理论界对学生权利的救济研究也不够深入。为了保护高等学校学生各项权利,提高学生的法律意思和维权意识,使学生权利受到侵害能及时获得权利救济,建立和完善学生申诉制度显得尤为迫切。对此问题予以深入研究,对于完善我国法律主体申诉权制度理论,具有十分重要的意义。本文基于申诉权的概念,结合申诉权的性质,论证、界定了高校学生申诉权的概念和特点。并通过对当前高校学生申诉权现状及影响因素的分析,在结合法律理论的基础之上,提出了完善我国高校学生申诉制度的对策建议。总体而言,本文主体内容分为三部分:第一部分:高等学校学生申诉制度的法理分析。申诉权是人权的一种,就是指权利的救济权,即当权利受到侵害时通过各种途径获取补救的权利,包括实体意义的权利和程序意义的权利,一般而言法律层面的申诉多指程序意义上而言的,实体意义上的申诉权利多是从民主政治的角度而言的。高校学生申诉权是教育法赋予高校学生的一项法定权利,它是指高校学生在高校接受教育过程中当其受教育权、人身权、财产权等等合法权益受到学校和教师的侵害时,依据相关的法律和规定向教育行政机关或学校提出申诉陈述理由要求重新给出处理结果的权利。高校学生申诉权作为一种学生的救济权利在权利结构体系中起着重要的反馈和调节作用,同时又是对学校管理学生权的一种抑制和监督,有利于防止学校权力的滥用,抵制权力对权利的侵害,高校学生申诉权是申诉权的一种具体的特定的形式和类型,是保障高校学生合法权益的民主权利,也是基本人权的基本组成部分。确定高等学校申诉制度是贯彻依法治国、依法治校的需要,依法治校有利于我国全面推进素质教育,提高国民整体素质,有利于保障各方面的合法权利,有利于规范和调整在教育改革和发展中出现的各种情况和问题,化解矛盾,维护校园的和谐稳定。第二部分:高等学校学生申诉权实施的现实考量。目前高校内的学生申诉的渠道基本畅通,但存在一些需进一步改进和完善的问题,有些高校在学生申诉制度的实施过程中还存在着观念上的偏差以及制度上的不完善等等问题。学生申诉权实施过程中存在的问题包括:相关管理者的法治意识淡薄;缺乏实际有效的学生申诉制度的实施细则;教育行政部门对高校的监督力度不够;一些学生法治意识淡薄;高校对申诉范围的规定不统一,差异大;缺乏对听证制度的规定和家长参与的监督机制;学生采取了申诉措施后但救济制度不完善。第三部分:健全与完善高等学校学生申诉制度的对策性意见。学生申诉制度的贯彻实施,实际上是一个非常必要又十分敏感的问题,正确地贯彻实施这一制度,拟提出以下主要措施:完善用于保障申诉权实施的制度;规范申诉权实施的程序;提高学生的权利意识;增强高校的法制意识;加大行政部门监管力度;发挥舆论监督作用更多还原

【Abstract】 On the basic theory of law,There are the rights of citizens in the law,minwihle they should be relieved in the law.“There must be a right of relief, right without remedy is nothingness”.In the world when the legal rights of the entity are regulationed,it was established that a more comprehensive system of procedural rights.The right of appeal of citizen is very important in this system.protect and improve the right of appeal of citizen is an important sign of progress of the lawgovernment.In the universities and colleges of general education,the legal subject status of student have been clearly defined, they have the right to education,personal right,property rights,and the right of relief,the rights have been ecplicitly stipulated in our constitution,law,and administrative rules.so,the security system of substantive rights and procedural rights in our legal,is universlity,scientificalness,and effectiveness.However,when the infringement happen,the students often helpless.the rules are operability.in fact,we have come to realize the nadequete of the law,and Not deep enough in the legal theory.Establish and improve the Complaints system of students is urgent to protect their rights,and Enhance students’ awareness of the law.Be in-depth study on this issue, have great significance to improve the Complaints system.This article Based on the concept of right of appeal. combine the right combination of appeal,defined the conception and characteristic of Universities and colleges of general education students’appeal rights,and give the suqqestions by analysis the actuality and influence factor.The main part of my thesis was in three parts:PartⅠ:Jurisprudence analysis of College Students’ appeal system. Appeal right is a kind of human rights,when rights are violated, through various channels to obtain the rights remedy,including the entity right and procedure right.In general, appeal in low almost refers the procedure right,the entity right always from the perspective of democracy. College Students’ appeal right is set by the Education law.When the education rights、personal rights、property rights are torted,the students could appeal to educational administration or school to give new results.College Students’ appeal right plays an important role in the feedback and adjustment,meanwhile it is supervision to the school,it can prevent the abuse of power in school. College Students’ appeal right Specific form of appeal,it ensure democratic rights,and is basic component of Human rights. Determination of higher school appeal system,carry out the rule of law、promote the quality education,maintain the campus harmony.PartⅡ:Practical study on the College Students’ appeal right. At present, Student complaint channels essentially unimpeded,but there are some further improvement and perfection of the problem.Such as: concept of the deviation, the system do not perfect, Inadequate supervision ,and so on.PartⅢ:The suqqestions to improve and perfect the university student appeal system: perfect for the protection of the implementation of the system of petition; specification for right of appeal procedure; improve the students’ awareness of rights; strengthening the legal consciousness; increase the administration supervision; play the role of public opinion.更多还原