【作者】 刘玲华；

【导师】 陈信凌；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 新闻学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着电视业的快速发展,如今电视新闻较以往有一个显著的变化,就是记者现场出镜报道大量涌现,有的记者直接面对镜头作报道,有的记者与采访对象面对面交谈,有的记者作为新闻事件的调查者正在深入现场……电视新闻记者出镜已成为当今电视新闻报道中的普遍现象,并由此产生“出镜记者”这一新的电视记者角色。特别是在重大新闻事件发生时,出镜记者能够即时反应、快速传播,将电视声画结合的优势发挥的淋漓尽致,并用人性化的解读方式和独特的观察视角,将现场展示在受众眼前,使得新闻的时效性、真实性和贴近性大为提高。为推进“出镜记者”理论与实践的发展,本文对其进行了较为深入的研究。一、论述了国内外出镜记者出现的背景和现状,并在现有文献的基础上对“出镜记者”的定义进行了补充和改进。二、对出镜记者的报道类型进行了分类,主要分为预知事件的出镜报道和突发事件的出镜报道,并对这两种类型的出镜报道技巧进行了相应的论述；对出镜记者的报道优势——直击真实现场、同步事态发展、传递内心感受进行了比较详细的论述。三、从实际工作出发,提出了出镜记者应具备的基本素养,主要包括：完备的知识结构；丰富的社会阅历；良好的现场语言表达能力；适宜的非语言符号传播样式。四、根据笔者的实践经验,提出了一些出镜记者在报道过程中应注意的问题,如细节的突出与整体的兼顾；事实的呈现与观点的陈述；视角的平等与沟通的真诚；情感的投入与情绪的把控等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of television industry, there’s a noticeable change when we are watching TV news in comparison with the past. A large number of on-the-spot coverage appears. Some journalists report while facing directly the camera lens. Some journalists talks face to face with the interviewees. Some journalists are investigating deep on the spots.......That the TV news journalists report alive has become a common phenomenon in today’s TV coverage. Thus forms such a new role, "on-the-spot journalists". Especially in the major news events, they can react instantly, cover rapidly, play the full advantage of both picture and sound, and present in a humane way of interpretation and with a unique angle of view the live show in front of audiences so as to greatly improve the timeliness, reality and closeness of coverage.In order to promote the development of theory and practice of "on-the-spot journalists", the following thesis will give more thorough research.Firstly, it discusses the background and current situation when the domestic and overseas on-the-spot journalists appear, and makes amendments and additions to the definition of on-the-spot journalists based on the existing information.Secondly, it classifies the coverage types of on-the-spot journalists which are mainly divided into the coverage on the predictable events and the coverage on the unpredictable events. It gives the illustration on the reporting skills in association with the two types. It also elaborates in details the advantages of the on-the-spot journalists--- face the live scene, report synchronously, and transfer feelings.Thirdly, based on the practical work, it puts forward the basic quality that the on-the-spot journalists should have which mainly includes:complete knowledge structure; rich social experience; good language expression ability; appropriate nonverbal communication forms.Fourthly, according to the practical experience, it poses some questions that the on-the-spot journalists should pay attention to in the process of coverage such as the outstanding details and the overall balance; the representation of realities and the statement of views; the equal perspective and the sincere communication; the emotional input and the emotional control.更多还原