【作者】 罗江锋；

【导师】 徐镇凯；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 土石坝由土、石料等当地材料填筑而成,其历史最为悠久,在世界坝工建设中是应用广泛和发展最快的一种坝型。目前,全国已经建成的各类水库十余万座,其中相当大部分是土石坝。但是由于在勘测、设计、施工、管理运行中存在的一些问题,导致不少水库和堤坝存在不同程度的隐患,既影响工程的经济效应,也容易引发安全事故,给国家和人民的生命财产构成巨大威胁。上石坝设计应合理的安排防、排渗措施,有时通过渗流计算来确定坝型和坝的断面尺寸；上石坝运行时,渗流条件很难符合设计时预想的一样,而是不断变化的,因此有必要通过渗流计算来对土石坝的稳定性做分析,甚至设置必要的除险加固措施。混凝土防渗墙技术在工程上的合理应用,对土石坝防渗效果有着一定的帮助,但混凝土防渗墙在设计和理论研究方面还不是很成熟,在许多的工程实际中,暴露出出许多问题。土石坝填筑及蓄水工况下,防渗墙所受作用力复杂,目前大多数采用的是有限元对防渗墙受力特性进行分析。但是,一般有限元计算出的防渗墙应力和变形与实际存在较大偏差,且所受拉应力较大,而实际测量值与理论计算值有较大出入,这对混凝土防渗墙的受力特性有待深一步的研究。考虑渗流场和应力场耦合对于土石坝的受力分析有重要意义,将渗流场和应力场分离对土石坝进行分析研究都是存在偏差的,且与实际工程的测量值出入较大,因此,把渗流场和应力场作为一个复合系统,分析研究土石坝渗流场和应力场耦合下的受力作用,是十分有必要的。本文参考一个除险加固的工程实例,考虑渗流场和应力场间的耦合,对土石坝加固前、后的坝体受力作用进行计算分析。并考虑了防渗墙在水平方向位置变化对土石坝坝体受力产生的影响,在此基础上通过计算对比得出一些结论,希望对类似的除险加固的土石坝的受力特性分析提供一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The earth-rock dam is combinated by the soil, stone and other local material,it is the oldest dam, dam construction is the most widely used and one of the fastest development of dam types. At present, the national has built hundreds of thousands of reservoirs, most of which are earth-rock dams. But due to some problems in the survey, design, construction, management and operation, a number of reservoirs and dams exist the different degree of hazard, which affect the project economy, but also it is easy to bring the occurrence of safety accidents to the country and people’s life and property loss.With the Design of earth-rock dam,it is important to consider the seepage calculation to determine the leakage loss, and reasonably to arrange anti-seepage drainage measures,and sometimes to determine the dam types and dam section size with the help of seepage calculation; when the earth-rock dam works,seepage conditions are difficult to meet the design consideration, and it always changs,so it is necessary consider of seepage calculation to determine the stability analysis of dams, and even it is necessary to set up reinforcement measures.It is helpful to the seepage prevention effect with the use of concrete impervious wall reasonably,but it still exist some problems in the design of concrete impervious wall,actually in many engineering, it produces a number of problems. When the earth-rock dam filled and water storage, it is complex to calculate the impervious wall’s force,and at present it use finite element to analysis the stress and deformation to the impervious wall.however the finite element calculation exist some actual deviation compared to measured value and have larger tensile stress, so it is necessary to research the situation deeply.It is important to consider the stress condition involved with seepage field and stress field’s in the earth-rock dam,when considering the seepage field and stress field separately it maybe exist some deviation compared to the measured value, so it is necessary to consider the seepage field and stress filed as a system and it is helpful to analysis the reason of these problems.This paper considers a reinforcement project as the research object, involving the seepage field and stress field’s coupling,and analysis the displacement and stress compare the former reinforcement to the later. This paper also analysis the affect to the dam’s displacement and stress when the concrete impervious wall moves In the horizontal direction. on the basis of the theory calculation of some parameters, it is helpful to provide a certain reference value to the Practical engineering.更多还原