【作者】 董生亮；

【导师】 徐光兴；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 发展与教育心理学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 惩罚是一种有效的教育手段和促进青少年心理健康成长的干预措施。在学校教育和家庭教育中的应用十分普遍与广泛。的确,惩罚教育作为一把双刃剑,其误用滥用的不良后果不言而喻,但同样不能否认青少年成长教育中惩罚教育的积极性。随着教育心理学、学校心理学、学习心理学等心理学科在教育范畴内广泛应用,笔者发现,很多有先悟的教师、家长和其他教育工作者都开始通过报考心理咨询师或其它途径学习心理学知识,试图从心理学的角度解释和解决家庭教育和学校教育的许多困惑。尤其是关于在青少年心理成长方面如何使用惩罚这一教育手段?惩罚是否能实现预期的教育目的?惩罚在解决哪些问题方面更为适用?惩罚从心理学角度如何实施?惩罚作为一种心理干预措施受到哪些因素的影响?……在这些困惑面前,笔者尝试把惩罚这一大众化的教育手段和教育现象引入心理健康成长和心理咨询辅导与干预的视窗内观察研究,期待给社会提供一种可参考和可借鉴的惩罚的心理角度化解读。本文采用以质性研究方法为主结合量性研究,通过文献法、实验法、调查法、案例分析法等方法对惩罚进行了深入的整体性探究,从原始资料中形成结论和理论,并通过与家长、老师和学生进行互动性探讨,对其内在实质和意义建构获得了解释性的理解。主要研究结果和结论包括,简要分析了实施惩罚的现状并实证了惩罚的合理干预对青少年自尊有积极的影响,同时对惩罚无法实现良好效果的影响因素、操作条件进行了归纳和分析；最后提出了实施惩罚的心理干预策略的应用与创新,其中包括情感互动式干预策略、群体压力式干预策略、归因式干预策略、合理程序干预策略等等。在合理程序干预策略中创造性地提出了前提条件、正确归因、技术分析、调控反思、效果检验和负效应干预的模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Punishment is an effective means of education and psychological development interventions. In school education and family education is common and widespread application. Indeed, the punishment of education as a double-edged sword, and its adverse consequences of misuse abuse is self-evident, but the same can not be denied education, youth development education in the punishment the enthusiasm.With educational psychology, school psychology, psychology of learning and other psychological disciplines disciplines widely used in the context of education, I found that many have before enlightenment teachers, parents and other educators are beginning to apply for counselors or by other means psychology of learning knowledge, from a psychological point of view trying to explain and solve family education and school education in a lot of confusion. Especially on the psychological development of young people in how to use the punishment of the means of education? Penalties are expected to achieve the aims of education? Punishment in solving problems which are more applicable? Punishment from a psychological point of view how to implement? Psychological interventions as a punishment by which factors?....In the face of such confusion, I try to punish the popular means of education and mental health education into the phenomenon of growth and psychological counseling and intervention window of research, can look forward to the community to provide a reference and can learn from the psychological point of view of punishment of interpretation. In this paper, the combination of qualitative research-based quantitative study, through literature, experiment, survey method, case analysis and other methods of punishment in-depth exploration of integrity, from the raw data to form conclusions and theories, and through with parents, teachers and students to explore the interaction of its inner essence and sense-making to obtain an explanatory understanding.The major findings and conclusions, including a brief analysis of the status of the implementation of punishment and the punishment reasonable empirical intervention on self-esteem has a positive impact on young people, while the punishment can not achieve good results in the factors affecting the operating conditions are summarized and analyzed; final imposition of penalties proposed application of psychological intervention strategies and innovation, including the emotional interactive intervention strategies, group pressure-type intervention strategies, due to type of intervention strategies, intervention strategies, and so reasonable procedures. Intervention strategies in a reasonable program creatively put forward preconditions, correct attribution, technical analysis, reflection control, test results and negative effects of intervention mode.更多还原