【作者】 傅强；

【导师】 张向东；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 岩土工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 流变特性是岩石力学特性研究中重要的一部分,尤其是软弱岩体,其流变特性更为明显,许多工程问题都与其流变性密切相关,在边坡工程、地下工程及其它岩体工程中,研究软岩的流变性质,尤其是其蠕变特性,揭示蠕变过程及其规律,对于工程的设计、施工、维护具有十分重要的现实意义。本文结合内蒙古鄂尔多斯高家梁煤矿斜井泥岩,在前人一系列岩石流变试验研究的基础上,对此泥岩进行了更加深入的研究,并对其斜井支护措施提出了可行性建议。岩石的单轴压缩常规试验往往能够为岩石流变试验确定合理的加载水平,通过单轴压缩常规试验确定了单轴加卸载蠕变试验的加载水平,利用统一流变力学模型理论对加卸载蠕变曲线进行了模拟,建立了弹性-黏性-黏弹性-黏弹塑性流变本构模型,并对模型参数进行了计算,所建模型能够较好模拟泥岩加卸载蠕变。由于所研究泥岩处于高纬度地区,温差变化大,因此,研究泥岩在不同温度下的蠕变特性十分必要。采用“低温箱-三轴压力室”轻型试验设备系统对人工制作的泥岩试件进行了三轴蠕变试验,建立了泥岩的流变本构方程;很多岩体工程,包括地下洞室、岩石边坡及岩基工程等,荷载或围岩应力的变化往往是随施工进度或程序逐级增加或减少的,采用自行研制的重力杠杆式岩石蠕变试验机,并配备三轴压力室,对紫色泥岩实施了分级加载三轴蠕变试验,利用H/M模型进行模拟,采用MATLAB非线性回归分析功能对模型在三维条件下的蠕变方程进行了参数拟合,试验曲线与理论曲线吻合度高,最大误差仅为2e-5左右。将损伤力学引入到岩石流变力学研究中来是近些年岩石流变力学特性研究的热点。在三轴蠕变试验的基础上,利用直接用时间函数来表征岩石的蠕变损伤变量的方法定义一损伤变量,将其引入西元模型的蠕变方程,采用多项式回归间接求解岩石流变力学参数的方法合理确定了模型参数,模拟结果非常理想,泥岩蠕变第三阶段的特性均能够表现出来,并对不同参数对蠕变曲线的影响进行了分析对比。通过前面一系列流变特性研究获得了泥岩的流变变形特性,将泥岩的变形特性应用到高家梁煤矿斜井的支护中,根据悬吊理论采用锚喷网支护,利用ADINA软件对拟采用的支护方式与实际采用的支护方式进行了对比,为软岩工程的长期稳定和安全性提供合理评价和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rheological property is an important part of the study on rock mechanical properties,the rheological property is more significant to the weak rock mass,many engineering problems are closely related to its rheological properties,in slope engineering,underground engineering,and other rock engineering,studying the rheological properties of soft rock,especially the creep characteristics,and revealing the creep process and its rules,have great practical significance for engineering’s design,construction and maintenance. On the basis of a series of previous rheological study,this paper implements more in-depth study on mudstone in Gao Jialiang mine shaft mudstone,Erdos,Inner Mongolia,and puts forward the feasibility recommendation for the support measures of shaft.Conventional uniaxial compression tests of rock is often able to determine reasonable loading level for the rock rheological tests,it determines the loading level of uniaxial loading and unloading creep test by Conventional uniaxial compression tests,simulates loading and unloading creep curves by unified theory of rheological models,establishes the elastic - viscous - viscoelastic - plastic rheological constitutive model and calculates the model parameters,the model that is established can simulate the loading and unloading creep of mudstone well.Because the researched mudstone is in the zone of hign latitudes,the temperature changes obviously,so,it is essential to study the creep properties of mudstone under the conditions of different temperatures. The triaxial creep tests of the artificial mudstone samples is implemented by a "cool box - triaxial pressure chamber" light test equipment system,the rheological constitutive equation of mudstone is established;in many rock projects, including underground,rock slope and rock-based projects,the load or surrounding rock stress often increases or decreases step by step with the construction schedule or program,the stage loading triaxial creep test of purple mudstone is implemented by the self-developed gravity lever creep testing machine, and equipped with triaxial pressure chamber and is simulated by H/M model, the parameters fitting of the model’s creep equation under the three-dimensional condition by nonlinear regression analysis of MATLAB,the experimental curves and the theoretical curve have high degree of agreement,the maximum error is about 2e-5.That the damage mechanics is introduced into the study of rock mechanics is hot spot of the rheological mechanical properties of rock in recent years. On the basis of the triaxial creep tests,a damage variable that is defined by the method of time functions characterizing the creep damage variable of rock is introduced into the creep equation of AD model,the model parameters are determined by the method of polynomial regression Indirect solution rock rheological mechanical parameters,simulation results are very satisfactory,the third stage of the creep characteristics of mudstone were able to be showed,and the influence of different parameters on the creep curves is analyzed and juxtaposed. Through a series of front study on rheological behavior,the rheological deformation properties of mudstone are obtained,the deformation properties of mudstone is applied to the support of Gao Jialiang mine shaft, according to the theory of suspension,shotcrete net support is adopted,the proposed support method is compared to the practical support method through the use of ADINA software,which provides reasonable assessment and recommendations for the long-term stability and security of soft rock engineering.更多还原