【作者】 唐治；

【导师】 潘一山； 阎海鹏；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 固体力学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 冲击地压是世界范围内煤矿矿井中最严重的自然灾害之一,预测对及时采取区域性防范措施和局部性解危措施十分重要,以电荷感应信号变化特征预测冲击地压是一种可行有效方法。本文用理论分析、室内实验及现场监测对煤岩体电荷感应信号规律及影响因素进行研究。建立单轴压缩煤岩变形电荷感应信号实验系统,研究了不同类型煤岩体在相同加载速率下电荷感应信号特征及其变化规律;同类型煤岩体在不同加载速率下电荷感应信号特征及其变化规律;煤岩体变形过程中电荷感应信号与抗压强度关系。得出不同加载速率下同类型煤岩体电荷感应信号随加载速率增大,电荷感应信号增加。不同类型煤岩体在相同加载速率下,其变形破裂过程中电荷感应信号幅值有随极限应力增加而增加趋势。建立了温度对煤岩产生电荷感应信号影响的实验系统,研究了岩体随温度变化过程中电荷感应信号特征及其变化规律。得出随温度升高,电荷感应信号增强;环境温度对电荷感应信号预测冲击地压几乎无影响。建立了煤岩体受摩擦对其电荷感应信号影响的实验系统,研究了煤岩体受摩擦过程中的电荷感应信号特征及其变化规律。得出煤岩体受摩擦过程中电荷感应信号与煤岩性质有较大关系,煤岩越硬,摩擦时产生的电荷感应信号值越高。根据实验结果分析得出,煤岩体电荷产生的主要机理是煤岩在受载过程中,煤岩颗粒、矿物质颗粒和胶结物相互之间会发生滑动、错动,因摩擦而产生电荷。煤岩电荷感应信号信息综合反映了冲击地压的主要影响因素,电荷感应信号值主要反映了煤岩体的受载程度及变形程度。采用煤岩电荷感应信号对冲击地压的危险性评价及预测预报是可行有效的,从监测到的结果就可以确定冲击地压发生的区域地点,这为我们采取相应和有效的防治措施提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rock burst is one of the worst natural disasters in worldwide coal mine,forecast for it and take timely measures to prevent the regional and local risk is very important, charge induction signal change features predicts percussive ground pressure is a feasible method。The rules and influence factors of coal rock deformation process charge induction signal in indoor experiment and field test is studied in this paper。Experiment system of charge induction coal and rock deformation signal under Uniaxial Compression is established,and signal characteristics and the changing laws in different types of coal and rock in the same loading rate under charge induction is studied; signal characteristics and the changing laws in the same type coal and rock under different loading rate under charge induction is studied; the relationship of coal rock mass deformation process charge induction signal and compressive strength relationship is studied. It is shown that charge induction signal increased with enlarged loading rate in different loading rate and different types of coal and rock;amplitude of charge induction signal increased with enlarged ultimate stress in same loading rate and different types of coal and rock.Experiment system of charge induction signal influenced with temperature is established,and signal characteristics and the changing laws of coal and rock with change of temperature is studied. The results indicate that charge induction signal increased with enhanced temperature, and environmental temperature has almost no influence to charge induction signal predicts rock burst.Experiment system of charge induction signal influenced with coal rock friction is established, and signal characteristics and the changing laws in the process of coal and rock by friction is studied, and obtained charge induction signal and coal rock properties have larger relationship by friction in the process of coal and rock, the coal rock harder, the charge induction signal value in friction is higher.The experimental results demonstrate that the main mechanism of coal and rock charge generation is the coal rock particle, mineral particles and cementation things happen between sliding, fault dislocation, for the friction and produce charge in the process of coal rock being loaded.The information of coal rock charge induction signal reflects the main factors influenced rock burst comprehensively, The amplitude of charge induction signal reflects the level of coal and rock loaded and deformed. Using coal rock charge induction signal to assess and predict rock burst risk is feasible and efficiently, the monitoring results can determine the regional location rock bursts occurred in, it provided scientific basis for us to take corresponding and effective prevention measures.更多还原