【作者】 郭奕强；

【导师】 章文贡；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文的研究工作主要分为两大部分：有机阴离子插层镁铝镧水滑石的制备和镁铝镧水滑石/聚合物杂化材料、稀土偶联剂/聚合物杂化材料与不同改性轻质碳酸钙/聚合物杂化材料的制备及测试。用少量的稀土镧离子(La3+)代替镁铝水滑石层板中的铝离子,并用有机阴离子代替碳酸根阴离子,通过共沉淀法,组装得到有机阴离子插层的镁铝镧水滑石(Mg-Al-La-LDHs),经表征显示,该水滑石的层间距有小幅度地增大,说明有机阴离子部分插入水滑石层间,并且这种水滑石比不含La的有机阴离子插层镁铝水滑石耐热性好。通过原位乳液聚合方法,将一定量的甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)两种单体分散于镁铝镧水滑石层间,于80℃下共沉淀,同时引发单体发生共聚,制备聚-(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯)/镁铝镧水滑石(PMBA/Mg-Al-La-LDHs)纳米杂化母料,经XRD、TEM与TG测试表明,这种杂化母料中水滑石部分剥离,并且比未加镁铝镧水滑石的试样热稳定性好。通过熔融共混法,分别用Mg-Al-La-LDHs、PMBA/Mg-Al-La-LDHs、稀土偶联剂、稀土偶联剂改性后的CaCO3掺杂改性PET、ABS、PS,研究结果表明：Mg-Al-La-LDHs使PET变脆；掺杂0.2%-0.4%G-4或G-40稀土偶联剂能使PET的断裂伸长率提高了24倍多；掺杂0.3%X-10使PET的拉伸强度提高36.2%,使其PET冲击强度提高3.1倍,4%L0-CaCO3(0.5%X-10偶联剂表面改性CaCO3)掺杂到PET使其断裂伸长率提高了12.8倍,10% L0-CaCO3掺杂到PET中能使其弯曲强度提高63.7%,8% L0-CaCO3掺杂到PET中能使其冲击强度提高1.6倍。0.6%G-2稀土偶联剂使PET过冷结晶温度降低了33.4℃,这表明G-2能诱导PET结晶而大大地提高其结晶速度,0.5%G-40/PET的结晶度提高2.03倍；L0-CaCO3(8%)/PET的结晶度提高了2.12倍。0.2%G-1/PET的平衡转矩降低了50%,提高了其加工流变性。0.3%H-4掺杂ABS使其断裂伸长率提高了33.15%,使其弯曲强度提高了11.6%,使其熔融指数提高了22.36%; L0-CaCO3(4%)/ABS的断裂伸长率提高了12.16%,弯曲强度提高了20.11%,熔融指数提高了7.3%,但是,冲击强度降低了20.8%。掺杂2%PMBA/Mg-Al-La-LDHs能使PS的拉伸强度提高了约2倍、冲击强度提高了16%、断裂伸长率提高了约27%; 0.6%G-1/PS的拉伸强度提高了2.35倍,0.8%G-40/PS的断裂伸长率提高了1.5倍,其冲击强度提高了43.85%。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis is mainly composed of two sections:the synthesis of new rare earth hydrotalcite-like compounds; the preparation and characterization of hydrotalcite-like compound/polymer composites, rare earth coupling agent/polymer composites, different acitivated CaCO3/polymer composites.Firstly, the new hydrotalcite containing La (Mg-Al-La-LDHs) is synthesized by coprecipitation method, Organic anions intercalate into the hydrotalcite-like layers in the sample. the sample is characterized by XRD, IR and TG, its structure and thermal stability are determined, The results indicate that the distance of hydrotalcite-like layers increases a little and some organic anions have intercalated into the hydrotalcite-like layers,The thermal stability of the sample is better than the one not containing La. Through in-situ emulsion polymerixation mathod, the new composite masterbatch containing La(PMBA/Mg-Al-La-LDHs) is synthesized and characterized by XRD, TEM and TG The results indicate that some layer double hydroxides have delaminated and the thermal stability of composite masterbatch is better than the one not containing La.Secondly,Through melt blending method,it dops and modifies PET, ABS, PS with doped Mg-Al-La-LDHs,PMBA/Mg-Al-La-LDHs,rare earth coupling agent and activatied CaCO3 respectively; The properties of composites are investigated by mechanical property test,DSC, TG, Rheological property test and SEM,The results are as follows:Mg-Al-La-LDHs make PET brittle. The elongation at break of PET with doped 0.2%-0.4% G-4 or G-40 increases by 24 times. The tensile strength and impact strength of PET with doped 0.3% X-10 rare earth agent increases by 36.2% and 3.1 times. The elongation at break of PET with doped 4% Lo-CaCO3 increases by 12.8 times; The bending strength of PET with doped 10% L0-CaCO3 increases by 63.7%. The elongation at break of PET with doped 8% L0-CaCO3 increases by 1.6 times. The super-cooling crystallizing temperature of PET with 0.6%G-2 rare earth agents reduces by 33.4℃,Which shows that G-2 rare earth agent can promoted greatly crystallization of PET,The degree of crystallization of PET with doped 0.5% G-40 rare earth agent increases by 2.03 times, The degree of crystallization of PET with doped 8% L0-CaCO3 increases by 2.12 times.The balance torque of PET with 0.2% G-1 rare earth agent reduces by 50%, Which shows G-2 rare earth agent can improve the processing rheological property of PET.The elongation at break and impact strength of ABS with 0.3% H-4 rare earth agent increases by 33.15% and 11.6%.The melting index of PET with 0.3% H-4 rare earth agent increases by 22.36%.The elongation at break and bending strength of PET with 4% L0-CaCO3 increase by 12.16% and 20.11%, and its melt index increases by 7.3%, but its impact strength reduces by 20.8%.The tensile strength and impact strength of PS with doped 2% PMBA/Mg-Al-La-LDHs increase by 16% and 2 times, and its elongation at break increases by 27%. The tensile strength of PS with doped 0.6% G-1 rare earth agent increases by 2.35 times.The elongation at break and impact strength of PS with doped 0.8% G-40 rare earth agent increases by 1.5 times and 43.85%.更多还原