【作者】 何鑑鑫；

【导师】 凌玲；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国船舶工业的快速发展,型材液压冷弯成形的工艺将会得到更加广泛的应用。型材成形所使用的冷弯设备的好坏决定了型材的成形质量,进而直接影响船体建造的质量和成本。为提高中小型船厂型材成形质量的检测技术,研发相应的数控型材液压冷弯设备,提高中小型船厂的生产技术,将会产生良好的经济效益和社会效益。本文首先介绍了国内外造船业的发展状况,针对利用端点测量和非端点测量的两种型材成形检测方法分别作了分析,比较它们的优缺点,提出了一种新的型材成形非端点测量方法——弦角测量控制法。该方法使型材的成形检测基准不依赖于型材的端点,从而免去了液压冷弯成形设备中庞大的检测机构,简化了冷弯设备的结构。同时利用数学计算的方法证明弦角测量控制法能够唯一地确定样条曲线的形状。其次,利用铜线模拟型材中轴线在平面工作台上进行压弯实验,对加工过程中的加工参数诸如进料步长和支点距离进行了相应的探讨和分析。得出进料步长的大小需在样条曲线曲率较大时应相应地缩短,在曲率较小时可适当加大,支点距离则需参考进料步长来合理选取,从而避免在压弯过程中因出现多次的正反弯交替而影响曲线的成形形状。在此基础上,对加工过程中如何减小误差在单方向上的积累作了一定的分析,提出在加工中对成形控制角进行补偿,使铜线仅在样条曲线两侧的小范围内摆动,确保能较准确地达到样条曲线的形状。再者,在假设选取合理的加工参数的前提下,运用几何证明的方法对每一段铜线的压弯深度和其相对应的成形控制角变化值之间的关系建立简单的等式。并利用计算机绘图软件模拟铜线的成形过程,验证该等式的准确性和合理性,为型材冷弯成形自动检测控制系统提供了一定的参考依据。最后,结合YLW系列型材液压冷弯机的机型特点及其相关参数选取合适的检测仪器。并设想将其安装于冷弯机合理的位置,从而实现对加工中的压弯深度的精确检测及控制,以使弦角测量控制法实现于该系列的型材液压冷弯机,提高型材冷弯的生产效率和检测精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of Chinese shipbuilding industry, profiles of hydraulic cold forming process will be used more widely than before. Using cold forming equipment of profiles will determine the quality of profile forming, and thus directly affect the quality and cost of hull construction. To improve the quality of profile shape detection technology and the production technology of small and medium shipyards, research corresponding CNC profile hydraulic cold bending equipment will bring good economic and social benefits.Firstly, this paper describes the shipbuilding development situation of domestic and foreign, and then analyzes the use of endpoint measurements and non-endpoint measurements of the two profiles forming testing to compare their advantages and disadvantages. We propose a new profile forming non-endpoint measurement called chord-angle measurement control method. This testing method of profile forming does not depend on the detection of profile’s endpoint, thereby eliminating the large testing organization of hydraulic cold forming equipment, and simplifying the structure of cold forming equipment. This method can uniquely determine the shape of the spline by using the mathematical calculations.Secondly, the bending experiment imitates the neutral curve in the plane work bench by using copper and analyzes such as feed step and fulcrum distance according to the processing parameters. The size of feed step in a larger spline curvature should be reduced accordingly, and in the small curvature may be increased comfortably. The fulcrum needs to refer from the feed step to select reasonable steps avoiding the bending process to affect the curve shape because of a number of alternating positive and negative bending. On this basis, this paper makes some analysis to reduce the accumulation of errors in the sole up and puts forward to compensate the control angle in the forming process. The copper only swings within a small range on both sides of the spline to make sure the shape of the copper more accurately. Thirdly, this paper assumes that the processing parameters are selected reasonable, and then establishes a simple equation by using geometric method for each copper bent depth and its corresponding control angle. It verifies accuracy and reasonableness of the equation by using computer graphics simulation of the copper wire forming process, which provides a certain reference for profile cold bending shape control automatic detection system.Finally, it selects some appropriate instrumentation according to the series of YLW profiles hydraulic bending machines’characteristics and parameters. It imagines that the instrumentation will be installed in reasonable positions of the machine. The accurate detection and control of the depth of processing will be realized. And the chord-angle measurement control method will be achieved in this series profile hydraulic bending machine. It can improve production efficiency of profiles cold forming and detection accuracy.更多还原