【作者】 王津津；

【导师】 胡煜昭；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 构造地质学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 贵州晴隆锑矿田是黔西南重要的锑矿产地。前人对构造的研究多集中在层间滑动、岩溶不整合面,而对于矿田构造演化及控矿作用的研究则较为薄弱。在晴隆锑矿田成矿流体方面,前人多采取通过脉石矿物作为研究对象,忽略水—岩反应对流体造成的影响,而根据流体来源的特征来指示成矿物质来源。本文应用构造地质解析、岩石地球化学、流体包裹体地质学、电子探针、X射线衍射、稳定同位素及放射性同位素等方法与手段,对晴隆锑矿构造特征、矿床地球化学、流体地球化学进行研究,并在矿田构造样式及控矿作用、成矿流体地球化学方面取得了新的认识,并对晴隆锑矿构造—流体耦合关系进行了讨论,建立了晴隆锑矿构造—流体耦合成矿模式。(1)对晴隆锑矿田不同构造进行研究,得出晴隆锑矿田具有复式半地堑的构造组合样式,并对大厂古隆起进行了厘定；矿田构造控矿特征表现为：矿田内断裂构造具有分级和等距控矿特征,古隆起、岩溶不整合面和复式半地堑为有利的成矿构造背景,矿床(体)多沿北东向断裂带展布,就位于岩溶不整合面之上、古隆起顶部。(2)通过矿床围岩、矿石、矿物常量与微量元素以及流体包裹体的研究,对晴隆锑矿成矿流体地球化学特征取得了新的认识。研究结果表明,晴隆锑矿田成矿流体具有改造型层控矿床成矿流体的特点：即流体均一温度较低,变化范围为125℃～200℃；流体密度较低,为0.88 g/cm3～0.95g/cm3;成矿流体属Ca2+—Na+—Cl-—F型体系,为贫K型；流体包裹体液相成分稳定同位素δD和δ18O以及气体成分数据显示,成矿流体来源主要为加热的大气降水,其次为建造水,与玄武岩浆热液联系不明显；成矿流体以稀土元素含量很低、富F-为特征；流体在成矿过程中由还原性向氧化性转化,大气降水的混入可能是引起这一变化的重要原因；凝灰岩、凝灰角砾岩等这套火山碎屑岩可能是晴隆锑矿矿源层。(3)对构造—流体耦合作用进行讨论,认为晴隆锑矿田是以构造为主导,构造—流体耦合成矿作用的结果。研究认为晴隆锑矿为火山沉积—改造型层控矿床,概括其成矿模式是：改造流体(大气降水、建造水)沿构造(断裂、不整合面)进入矿源层形成成矿流体,至有利空间沉淀富集。更多还原

【Abstract】 Qinglong antimony ore field is important antimony locality in west-south depression of Quizhou province.The predecessors’ researches on Qinglong antimony ore field structural were focus on interlayer-gliding, karst and unconformity. But those researches were behindhand on mine field structural evolution and ore-control action. On research on metallogenic fluid, the predecessors’ researches were always adopted veinstone minerals as objects, so they often neglected effect of water-rock reaction of metallogenic fluid. And, they often suggested the source of metallogenic according characteristics of metallogenic fluid In this paper, obtain new recognition on characteristics of mine-field structure ore-controlling, geochemistry of ore deposit and metallogenic fluid geochemistry on the basis of researching of antimony ore field of Qinglong antimony field structural characteristics, geochemistry of ore deposit, fluid geochemistry, according to structure analysis, petrological, geochemistry, fluids inclusions geology, electron probe-microanalysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, stable isotopes and radioactive isotope etl. as the research methods. By researching and discussing the coupling of metallogenesis and the ore-forming fluid, genetic the metallogenetic model of Qinglong antimony ore field.(1) It can be concluded that Qinglong antimony ore field have complex semi-graben assemble patter and redefined the old uplift of Dachang by researching separately configurations antimony ore field of Qinglong. The characteristics of structure controlling exhibited that:it has fractionation and equidistant on ore controlling. old uplift, paleokarst unconformity and complex semi-graben are the best geotictonic settings of ore formation. The fracture zone and paleokarst-unconformity are good for migration and fitting of ore-fluid. NE trending fracture have important effects in the the mineralization.(2) We can achieve new cognition on the geochemistry characteristic of metallogenic fluid of Qinglong antimony ore field based on the research on deposits, surrounding rocks, ores, normal and trace elements and fluid inclusions. The result of the research shows that the metallogenic fluid of Qinglong antimony ore field have the characters like reformed type strata-bound ore deposit metallogenic fluid:low homogenization temperature of fluid, range from 125 to 200℃, low liquid density (0.88 to 0.95g/cm3). Metallogenic fluid belong to Ca2+—Na+—Cl-F- system, with poor K diabetes. The data ofδD andδ18O components of liquid-phase of fluid inclusion show that the main sources of metallogenic fluid is heated atmospheric precipitation, then formation water, no obvious connection with basaltic magmas hydrothermal fluid. The characters of metallogenic fluid are low rare earth element and rich F-. Metallogenic fluid transform from reducibility to oxidizability in mineralization process. The mix of atmospheric precipitation may another important reason causing this change. Tuff, tuff breccia and so on may the ore source bed of antimony ore field of Qinglong.(3) According to the discussing about the structure-fluid coupling, suggested that the structure of Qinglong antimony ore field is the main actor in coupling in the structure-fluid coupling mineralization. Research results show that antimony Qinglong ore field is volcano-sedimentary-reformed type strata-bound deposit. The metallogenetic model is that transformation fluids including atmospheric precipitation and formation water flows along the structures (fracture、unconformity) into ore source bed then changed into metallogenic fluid, in the end precipitated in the advantageous space.更多还原