【作者】 江婷；

【导师】 邓雪松； 吴从永；

【作者基本信息】 广州大学 ， 结构工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 高烈度区高层建筑的抗震研究是防灾减灾领域中需要重点解决的方向之一。目前,传统的结构抗震设计方法都是通过加强结构使其达到抗震设防目标。这种“以强制强”的设计方法并不能有效地降低结构的地震反应,而且费用较高。为了解决高烈度区高层结构难以达到抗震性能要求的问题,结合隔震技术和耗能减震技术的特点,对高烈度区某框剪商住楼采用隔震和消能减震装置展开了相关研究,主要包括:1.对高烈度区某高层框剪商住楼进行9度小震和中震的下的设计分析。结果表明,将部分柱改用型钢砼柱可使结构满足9度小震下的性能指标,中震下部分柱的轴力会从受压进入受拉状态,且在三向地震作用下结构内力明显增大。因此,随着结构高度的增加,对于高烈度区结构的设计,框架柱受拉破坏问题值得注意。2.鉴于高烈度区普通结构在抗震设计中存在着截面尺寸偏大,而承载力仍难以满足抗震要求的问题,对高烈度区某高层框剪商住楼采用隔震支座和阻尼器的混合隔震方案进行设计对比分析。结果表明,采用混合隔震后,隔震层上部结构可以按抗震设防烈度降低一度进行设计;采用自行设计的抗拉隔震支座能够很好控制结构产生的拉力,使得隔震支座的拉应力在罕遇地震作用下可控制在规范限制范围内;采用粘滞阻尼器能有效的降低上部结构地震响应且较好控制罕遇地震下隔震层的位移。3.对高烈度区某高层框剪商住楼分别设置粘滞阻尼器、铅粘弹阻尼器、防屈曲耗能支撑以及去剪力墙加防屈曲支撑和粘滞阻尼器的模型与普通无控结构模型进行对比分析研究。结果表明:采用不同减震方案后结构层间位移角、楼板应力、剪力墙应力、柱子的弯矩和剪力均有不同程度的减小,且大震下各减震装置均能耗散大量能量,说明其减震效果较显著;此外,粘滞阻尼器对结构的各响应控制效果最好,高烈度区此类结构的的抗震设计时应优先考虑使用粘滞阻尼器。4.对某一具体工程采用混合隔震、消能减震结构和普通结构进行经济性对比分析。结果表明,普通抗震结构通过增大截面提高结构的强度和刚度使得其费用较高;而隔震和耗能减震结构截面尺寸和配筋量均相对减小;采用基础隔震和耗能减震设计,初始造价费用均低于普通抗震结构。因此采用隔震和耗能减震的结构具有良好的经济性特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Seismic research of the high-rise buildings in highly seismic region is one of the direction which need to be resolved in the disaster prevention and mitigation field.At present,the seismic design method of traditional structure is enable the structure have enough strength,stiffness and ductility to achieves the aseismatic fortify goals.This design methods of strengthen structure can’t reduce the earthquake responses effectively, and cost is high.In order to solve the problem of the high-rise building hard to reach the requirements of seismic performance in the highly seismic region.Combined with technical characteristics of isolation and energy dissipation technology.The mian works and conclusions are as follow:1. A frame shear wall structure in the seismic fortification intensity of nine is analyzed.Design problems of structure in highly seismic region should be paid attention to. Due to the ductility and seismic performance of the composite structures.It meet the performance index under the frequent earthquake.The axial force of part of the columns are from compressed into tensile condition under the middle earthquake.Internal force of structure are increased under the earthquake effect.The force of the component in the structure design of highly seismic region should be attention.2.Based on the disadvantages of ordinary anti-seismic design in the highly seismic region.Such as the big section size and bearing capacity of seismic requirements can’t be satisfied.Mixed isolation design is used to design a frame shear wall structure in these area.The analysis results show that the seismic fortification intensity of the the superstructure can be reduced by one degree. The isolation bearing stress of the high-rise building in rare earthquake is limited by the code. Viscous dampers can reduce the earthquake response of the upper structure.And the isolation layer displacement is limited by the code effectively.3.A frame shear wall structure with viscous dampers, lead-viscoelastic dampers, buckling-restrained braces and frame-braces are analyzed. The analysis results show that structure interlayer displacement angle, floor stress, shear wall stress, the bending moment and shear of the column are reduced on different degree when used the damper. A lot of energy is dissipationed under the rare earthquake when used the dampers.These effect of reduce earthquake is remarkable. In addition, the control effect of viscous dampers is best. Viscous dampers should be preferred used in the aseismic design of such structure in high intensity area.4. The different structure schemes are used in a specific project .Through the different structure schemes for economic analysis. The strength and rigidity are improved by increasing the structure of section in ordinary anti-seismic structure. The cost of materials is high.The section and reinforcement of base-isolated and energy dissipation structure is decreased.All the initial cost of base isolation and energy dissipation structures are lower than anti-seismic structure. Therefore, these two technology are economical technology reduced the earthquake.更多还原