【作者】 贾峰；

【导师】 周国模；

【作者基本信息】 浙江农林大学 ， 森林经理学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 森林是生态系统的主体,在全球碳循环中扮演这非常重要的角色。对森林生态非生物环境因子进行持续监测,进而阐明森林生态环境因子和森林生态系统的结构与功能之间的相互作用机制,可为森林的合理经营提供理论依据,为对森林生态效益进行科学计量和评价,为制定合理的环境政策具有十分重要的战略意义。运用自组织网络的方式进行随机与格网相结合的方法,搭建了森林环境监测系统。描述了传感器节点的部署方法、数据路由协议及数据包内容,分析了在网络传输中数据缺失的原因和补偿的策略。通过多模态数据交叉测量与感知数据的综合认知技术,实现了对森林生态环境的连续时空多点协同监测。论文以林内传感器节点的光照与温湿度数据为基础,运用IDW插值算法绘制了光照、温湿度的分布图,用线性回归法对相互之间的相关性进行分析,结果表明:无论林内、林缘和林外温湿度的变化相关度都很高;光照对温湿度的影响在林缘和林外的要略低于林内,表明在同样的光照条件下,森林具有良好的降温和增湿效果。本研究还利用无线传感器节点与红外二氧化碳探头结合,在密闭容器内获得土壤表面的温湿度和二氧化碳浓度,通过对获得的数据进行重新标定和校正,计算出土壤表面二氧化碳通量,与Li-8100土壤测定仪对同一土壤样地进行的实验比较,其结果差别不到4%,这为土壤碳通量的测量的提供了一种新的低成本方法。最后总结了无线传感网在森林环境监测中的应用中存在的问题,阐述了与森林生态学结合方面存在的挑战,并展望了未来的发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest is the main part of terrestrial ecosystem, which plays a very important role in global carbon cycle. Forest environment monitoring could illuminate the configuration and function of the forest. Studying the interaction between forest and environment will provide the principle for managing the forest reasonably. On the other hand,scientific computation and evaluation of ecological benefit of forest is important to constitute reasonable environment policy.In this paper we proposed a way using stochastic and grid-based deployment to set up the system in the forest to sense light intensity,humidity and temperature. Using multi-hop forward, all sensor nodes send the packets to the sink. We analyze the data from multi-dimension after translating the data.Based on the light, temperature and humidity data, we drew the distribution map of light, temperature and humidity in the forest. We used linear regression to study the relativity of them and the results depicted that the relativity between temperature and humidity was high wherever it is. Light affected more in the forest than at the edge or out of the forest. It revealed that forest could hold the humidity and lower the temperature.This study measured the soil surface carbon dioxide concentration variation with infrared sensor and wireless sensor in the closed container. After comparing and calibrating the sensory data to the Li-8100 data, we calculated the carbon dioxide flux with sensory data. And then we contrasted to the experiment result of Li-8100. The result showed that the relative error was small. And it would provide a new method to measure the soil surface carbon dioxide flux .At the end,this paper concluded the problems in the application of WSN in forest environment monitoring,expatiated the challenges of WSN in combination with forest ecology,and prospected the future development.更多还原