【作者】 刘彬凤；

【导师】 戴歌新；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 政治经济学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 自1999年中国高校扩招以来,高等教育从“精英教育”向“大众教育”转变,高校毕业生就业市场从“卖方市场”向“买方市场”转变,就业形势日趋严峻。解决高校毕业生就业难的问题,是我国教育与就业体制改革面临的一个重要任务。处理不好,就会成为我国高等教育发展的障碍,并可能对我国社会稳定带来不利影响。因此研究高校毕业生的就业决策和企业对高校毕业生的录用决策具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文正是基于对这个问题的考虑,从高校毕业生择业和企业招聘的供需两个角度,对中国高校毕业生就业形势、就业现状、影响因素、就业决策、企业录用毕业生的决策等方面进行了详细的分析,并提出了解决目前高校毕业生就业难的一些有针对性的建议。本文首先系统回顾国内外对高校毕业生就业和企业录用毕业生的相关机制及其相关政策研究的情况。在此基础之上,通过对企业录用高校毕业生的决策机制和毕业生选择就业单位的决策机制进行了经济模型分析,然后利用统计分析方法对现阶段高校毕业生就业行为和企业录用毕业生行为进行了定量分析,得到若干结论,最后基于得出的结论提出相关的政策建议。首先,本文综述了毕业生就业和企业录用毕业生的相关文献,为运用经济模型进行解释奠定了理论基础。同时,本部分还对目前毕业生就业难和企业招聘难的现状、问题及成因进行了详细的分析,为提出针对性的建议提供了现实依据。紧接着,本文介绍了现阶段中国高校毕业生就业和企业录用毕业生的决策机制,从信息经济学和行为经济学的角度揭示了高校毕业生就业难和企业招聘难的本质原因。在分析相关决策机制的时候,本文以信息、经济学中的文凭失效模型和阿克莱夫次品市场模型为基础,从毕业生和企业两个角度分析了高校毕业生就业和企业录用高校毕业生的决策机制,试图从劳动力供需决策的角度诠释当今高校毕业生就业问题的本质原因,为最后建议的提出提供了经济学基础。进而,本文对现阶段中国高校毕业生就业和企业录用毕业生的状况进行了实证分析。实证分析不仅证实了目前现阶段中国高校毕业生就业难和企业录用毕业生难的现实问题,印证了前文对这些问题的理论分析的合理性,为下文提出建议提供了实证数据支持。最后,本文根据现阶段中国高校毕业生就业和企业录用毕业生的相关状况以及前文分析得出的结论,给出了相关的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the university expansion begins, the higher education has changed its style from "elite education" to "public education", and the university students’ employment market has also changed from the "seller market "to "buyer’s market". The employment situation of university graduates are becoming more serious and the university graduates’employment is also becoming more difficult, which have already been an important task for education and employment system to build a harmonious society. If handled improperly, the unemployed graduates will become an obstacle to the development of higher education and may adversely affect social stability in China, so to study the choice of college graduates on which company to work and the hiring decisions of college graduates are important for theoretical and practical significance. Based on the consideration of this issue, this article mainly analyzes the employment situation, the employment problem, the influencing factors, and the decision-making on the employment of the company, and proposed several useful recommendations to handle the problem of the university graduates’employment.This article first systematically reviews the domestic and foreign related study on the employment of university graduates of the company, the graduate recruitment mechanisms and policies. On this basis, this article analyzes the above two mechanisms in a theoretical view, and then does an empirical study on the employment of university graduates of the company, the graduate recruitment by using quantitative analysis method. Finally, this article proposed several recommendations, which are based on the above analysis.First of all, this article systematically introduced many related literature on the employment of university graduates of the company, the graduate recruitment mechanisms and policies. This chapter analyzes the complexity of the above two problems, which provides a theoretical foundation for the next chapter. At the same time, this part gives a detailed analysis on the present situation of the employment of college graduates, the relevant problems and their causes, which put forward a realistic basis for the following parts.Secondly, the article systematically introduces the present employment of university graduates in China and companies’decision-making mechanisms to employ the graduates, and proves the complexity of the problem in the views of the information economics and the behavioral economics.In the analysis of decision-making mechanisms, this paper, based on the Diploma failure model in Information Economics and the poor market model, analyzes the two mechanisms from the perspectives of students and companies. This chapter tries to interpret the current employment problem of college graduates from the perspective of the labor supply and demand, while provides a theoretical basis for the following empirical analysis.Furthermore, this article does an empirical study on the present employment of college graduates in China. Empirical analysis not only confirms that the current employment of college graduates in China is difficult at this stage and the reality of the difficult issues, confirms the earlier theoretical analysis of these issues to be reasonable, but also gives the correlation analysis on the reasons for these problems, which improves the data support for the following suggestions.Finally, the article, based on the related situations and the above analysis, further discusses the importance, complexity and influences of handling this issue well, and finally gives several recommendations.更多还原