基于ZigBee技术的无线网络路由器的研究

【作者】 谢瑜；

【导师】 王章瑞；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油大学 ， 油气测控工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 路由器在基于ZigBee的无线网络中是非常重要的节点设备。它在数据传输网络中起到了“接力棒”的作用,拓展了数据传输距离,是ZigBee网络中重要的“交通枢纽”；同时,基于ZigBee技术的无线网络路由器(以下简称路由器)具有“自动复原”的特性：即在一个无线连接发生中断的情况下,路由功能自动发现新的路由路线,避开该中断节点,从而提高该无线网络的可靠性。本文首先概述了无线组网通信技术,对现有几种典型短距离通信网络技术的特点与ZigBee无线网络技术的特点进行比较,得出ZigBee无线网络技术具有低功耗、低成本、易应用等特点。同时对IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee协议进行了详细的介绍,其中包括IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee标准的协议架构、每层的结构、功能及其主要特点,并重点对ZigBee路由算法进行了分析,它是分级路由算法和AODVjr算法的组合。在此基础上成功设计并制作了路由器。路由器的硬件电路设计以CC2430单片机为核心,其中包括了单片机(CC2430)支撑电路、阻抗匹配电路、人机交互电路和电源稳压电路,为了方便路由器的调试,加入了串口通信电路；路由器的软件编写以IAR为开发环境,利用TI-STACK协议栈,完成了路由器应用程序的编写。最后,通过对点对点通信实验测定了硬件的有效传输距离；通过树状网络和网状网络通信实验测试,实现了路由器转发数据的功能,计算出了各路径的路由成本,实现了路由选择。同时也验证了路由算法中网络地址的分配。在基于ZigBee技术的无线网络中,本文所设计的路由器结合协调器和终端设备所组成的无线网络,可实现数据的可靠传输,安全性高,覆盖面广。因此,本设计具有广泛的应用前景和重要的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Router is the Network Node Equipment of great importance in the wireless network bases on ZigBee technology.The importance of router is the role as’relay baton’in data transmission,it expands the data transmission distance,and it is the transportation hub of the ZigBee Network.Router in the ZigBee network also has the feature of’Auto Recovery’:when a wireless connection is interrupted,router will find a new routing line automatically to avoid the interruption node,thereby it increases the reliability of the wireless networks.At first the article makes a brief introduction of wireless networking communications technologies,during the comparison of some typical kinds of short-distance communication and ZigBee technology,we know that the wireless networking technology bases on ZigBee has the characteristic of low power consumption,low cost,easy application.At the same time the article describes the IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee Contract,including the standard contract construction of IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee and studying the constructions, functions and features of each level in turn,then the article analyzes the ZigBee routing algorithm which is the combination of Cluster-Tree routing algorithm and AODVjr algorithm.On this basis,I designed and producted the router successfully.On the hardware circuit, the design of the router chooses CC2430 chip as the core,it includes microcontroller (CC2430) support circuitry,antenna impedance matching circuit,human-computer interaction circuit and power supply voltage circuit,and it adds serial communication module for debugging the router conveniently.The software design of router is completed the preparation of the router application using TI-STACK on the basis of IAR development environment.Finally,I tested the point-to-point communication,tree networks and mesh networks separately,determined the effective transmission distance of hardware,achieved the route forwarding data in the network,calculated the cost of each routing path,achieved routing and verified the routing algorithm in the allocation of network addresses.The router combined with the tuner and terminal equipment based on ZigBee technology can form the ZigBee wireless network,the network has the features of reliable data transmission,high security, wide coverage.Therefore this design has wide application prospect and important practical significance.更多还原