【作者】 田洪微；

【导师】 李晓峰；

【作者基本信息】 大连交通大学 ， 车辆工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 由于不锈钢材料具有轻量化、良好的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性和强度高等特点,使得不锈钢材料在我国城市地铁中得到了日益广泛的应用,我国A型不锈钢点焊结构车体按照轻量化设计并且它的强度、稳定性和疲劳性能等方面采用了国际上的最高标准。因此它的可靠性,稳定性和抗疲劳性能等就变得愈加重要。本文以某城市地铁不锈钢点焊结构A型车体为研究对象,在车体的设计阶段,运用计算机数值模拟技术对车体进行性能仿真分析。具体内容如下：首先,依据工厂提供的不锈钢车体的几何模型及焊接关系图纸对头车车体进行合理的简化,建立了仿真研究的力学模型。以《EN12663-2000铁路应用-铁道车辆车体结构要求》标准为基础并结合工厂提供的计算任务最终确定车体强度分析的8种载荷工况,并对8种载荷工况的计算结果做出分析,评价了车体主要部位的强度,并提出改进建议。其次,应用ANSYS软件中Lanczos方法对钢结构车体和整备状态下车体进行模态分析,分别得到了车体一阶扭转频率和一阶垂向弯曲的自振频率,并做了对比分析。然后,基于线性屈曲的算法原理,在车钩压缩力1500KN作用下对车体原始方案进行稳定性分析,车体前端地板,枕内波纹地板等多处屈曲因子小于1.0的部位不满足设计要求并进行了3次改进方案,依据改进方案3的计算结果,对车体提出改进建议,最终使车体达到工厂设计的要求。最后,基于BS7608-1993标准,并根据工厂提供的疲劳计算任务确定垂向载荷工况1,横向载荷工况,纵向载荷工况和垂向工况2四种疲劳载荷工况对车体母材,角焊,点焊处进行疲劳强度分析,并计算累积损伤比,计算结果表明：车体各部位的疲劳强度均满足设计要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The stainless steel metro has been increasingly used in China cities, because of stainless steel has a lightweight, good corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high strength characteristics。A-type stainless steel spot welding structure of the body is in accordance with lightweight design, and its strength, stability and fatigue properties use the highest international standard。Therefore, its reliability, stability and fatigue resistance, etc. has become more important。Taking a subway car body of stainless steel welding structure of A-type as the research object, use the computer simulation technology to the body for performance simulation in the body of the design phase. The details are as follows:First of all, according to the geometric model of the stainless steel body, provided by the factory, and car body welding drawing, establish the mechanical model for the simulation study。Determine the ultimate strength analysis of the 8 body loading conditions based on the"EN 12663-2000 Railway applications-Structural requirements of railway vehicle body, standard and combining the computing tasks provided by the factory, analyze the calculated results of the 8 body loading conditions, and make recommendations for improvement。Secondly, apply the ANSYS software to do the modal analysis of the steel body and the body under the preparation, obtain the first torsion frequency and the first vertical bending natural frequency, and compare the results。Then, based on the linear buckling theory, to do the stability analysis of the body’s original scheme under the coupler compression force, which is 1500KN, to improve the program the 3 times in the parts, whose buckling factors is less than 1.0, such as the floor in the front of body, corrugated floor in the pillow and so on, based on the results, recommendations for improvement of the body, eventually make the design meet the requirements of the body。Finally, basing on the BS7608-1993 standard, and according to the fatigue-task supplied by factories, determine the vertical load case 1, lateral load cases, longitudinal and vertical load case 2, four kinds of fatigue loading conditions, to analyze the fatigue strength of the body of base metal, corner welding, spot welding, and calculate the cumulative damage ratio, the results show that:the fatigue strength of various parts of the body are to meet the design requirements。更多还原