【作者】 刘艳娇；

【导师】 高云虹；

【作者基本信息】 兰州商学院 ， 区域经济学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 农业剩余劳动力的转移问题无疑是我国城乡经济社会发展中的重要问题。但是从国内已有研究来看,却更多关注城乡平等、农民收入增加、城乡差距缩小、缓解就业压力等方面,几乎很少涉及到转移的福利效应。而要实现社会最大多数人的福利最大化状态,就必须考虑广大农业劳动者的切身利益。因此,有必要针对农业剩余劳动力转移与城乡福利提高之间的效果进行分析。本文基于农业剩余劳动力转移的角度,以资源消耗最少、社会福利最大化为目标,建立静态的对偶模型,阐释农业剩余劳动力转移的社会福利增进效应,用几何图像表达转移带来的社会福利增进幅度；以收入和恩格尔系数建造福利指数因变量,以城市与乡村的收入、转移人数、财政支出等为自变量,建立城乡转移对福利的线性关系模型,检验剩余劳动力转移是否对城市与乡村福利增长有贡献；从效率和公平的涵义及其相互关系出发,阐述只有公平才会有均等的就业平台,也只有就业公平才会有农业剩余劳动力的转移和劳动力效率以及社会整体产出效率提高,因此,农业剩余劳动力的转移是公平与效率的体现,也是福利提高的体现。虽然农业剩余劳动力转移能够增进城乡居民福利,但是就地转移较之异地转移的福利提高其作用更为明显。本文认为,就地转移之所以能够提高居民福利,是因其乡村企业地位具有承上启下的作用,乡村的其它产业的发展能够加大城乡联系；其次从劳动力转移阶段上看,还存在着小城市向中等城市、中等城市向大城市的迁移过程,农业劳动力由于其技能、转移成本等方面的限制并不能适应大城市节奏,大城市扩张过程中所需要低素质劳动力只占很小比重,因此,中小城市劳动力的转移对大城市的贡献会更显著一些,而农业剩余劳动力的转移则应以就地转移为主,适当促进异地转移。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problem of the transfer of rural surplus labor force is undoubtedly urban and rural economic and social development in the important problem. But judging from the domestic existing research, but pay more attention to the farmers’ income increase urban and rural equality, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and alleviate employment pressure, almost rarely involves the transfer of the welfare effect. To realize social most most people’s welfare maximum state, we must consider the broad agricultural labourers interests. Therefore, it is necessary for welfare analysis between agricultural surplus rural labor force transformation and the effect of raise。transfer of social enhance welfare effect, use geometrical image express transfer brings social welfare increase amplitude; Built in income and engel’s coefficient dependent variable, as the welfare index of city and country income, transfer, number of fiscal expenditure for independent variables, such as the establishment of urban and rural transfer linear relation model of welfare, the test whether the surplus labor force in the city and the country has contributed welfare growth; From the meaning and efficiency and fairness, expounds the relations of each other only fair will have equal employment platform, and only the employment fairness will have agricultural surplus labor force shift and labor efficiency and social whole output efficiency, and therefore, the transfer of rural surplus labor force is the embodiment of the equity and efficiency, but also the embodiment of the raise welfare.Although agricultural surplus labor transfer can enhance the welfare of urban and rural residents, but compared to the different transfer on-site transfer raise welfare its role is more obvious. This paper argues that the in situ transfer, can improve the welfare, is because of its residents have a connecting link between the preceding action, status of the development of rural other industries to increase urban and rural contact; Second look from labor transfer stage, there are small to medium-sized city and medium city metropolitan city to agricultural labor migration process, because of its skills, transfer cost etc. can’t adapt to the limit and big, big cities expansion process needed only a small proportion of low quality workforce to make up rhythm, therefore, small and medium-sized city labor force shift in large cities will be more significant, but agricultural surplus labor force shift should be mainly in situ transfer, appropriate different transfer to promote.更多还原