【作者】 方华；

【导师】 戎蒙恬； 黄佩伟；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 软件工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 折射率和平均色散是物质的重要光学常数，通过这两项参数可以了解物质的纯度、色散大小等光学性能。阿贝折射仪是一种专门用于测量溶液折射率、浓度和平均色散等指标的精密光学仪器，广泛使用于石油、油脂、制药、制漆、日用化工、制糖和地质勘察等行业，也是相关工厂、学校、科研单位不可缺少的常用设备之一。传统的阿贝折射仪完全是通过手工操作，最终需要用户以目测的方式来记录物质折射率值。由于是依靠人工操作来实现测量，带入的人工测量误差会变得难以控制。再加上操作的步骤过于繁琐，造成测量的工作效率比较低。为改变这种状况，目前市场上已经引进了多种数字化的折射仪产品。但是由于大多数产品光学部分的结构设计较为复杂，对工艺设计的要求很高，所以其价格一般都比较昂贵。为了能够在折射仪产品的性能和价格之间找到一个平衡点，本文提出了一种利用双线阵电荷耦合元件（Charge-coupled Device）（简称CCD）实现自动瞄准数字折射仪的方案；本文详细介绍了方案的构建过程和具体的软硬件设计方法。本方案在光学结构上还是沿用传统的阿贝折射仪的光学模组。电路部分则采用两块高精度线阵CCD图像传感器件,分别对定位光线和折射光线进行图像数据采集，根据视场图像的特征和定标拟合曲线，按照不同种物质在CCD上产生的偏移量，来推算出物质的实际折射率。本文还提出了一种新的曲线拟合切线的图像边缘定位算法，并且根据实际采样得到的数据做了仿真，证实了算法的合理性。另外，本文还针对数字折射仪人工定标难的问题，设计了一套用于数字折射仪自动定标的应用软件。该软件的开发模式是采用WinCE嵌入式系统+Labview虚拟仪器。文中阐述了采用系统自动定标的软件设计过程和实现的方法，并且在实际定标操作中验证了其可行性。该软件可以自动生成定标拟合曲线，并自动将拟合曲线存入设备中进行保存。通过使用该软件，可以让用户在实际定标的过程中，节省更多的时间。经过一年多的开发、调试和实际测试，该项目已基本完成。实现了既定的性能指标和功能要求，提高了测试效率及精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 As everyone knows, the refractive index and the average dispersion are ones of theimportant optical constants of materials and by these two parameters, we can get opticalproperties, purity, and dispersion size of different materials. Abbe refractometer is a precisionoptical instrument specifically to measure refractive index value, concentration and averagedispersion of different solution. This instrument was widely used and is one of indispensableequipment at the oil industry, oil industry, pharmaceutical industry, paint industry, dailychemical industry, the sugar industry and geological survey and other relevant factories,schools and the relevant scientific research unitsThe traditional Abbe refractometer is operated completely by manual mode and itrequires the user to record material refractive index value by visual way and manualoperation.Because of depending on manual operation to achieve the measurement results, theartificial measurement error will be hard to control. And because the operation procedure istoo tedious, the measurement efficiency is very low. In order to improve this situation, themarket also appeared a variety of imported products digital refractometer. However, sincemost of optical part structure designes are more complex and the requirements of processdesign are very high, the digital refractometers are generally more expensive.In order to find a balance between refractometer product performance and price, thispaper described in detail the scheme construction and specific hardware and software ofdigital refractometer, which used double linear array CCD (Charge-coupled Device) to realizeand had the automatic aiming function. The scheme still uses optical structure of traditionalAbbe refractometer. By using two pieces of high precision linear array CCD image sensor device in circuit component, they collected data respectively for positioning light andrefractive light image. And then software calculated the offset value of different materialsaccording to the field image characteristics and calibration curve by processing the data fromCCD. This paper also presents a new tangent edge location algorithm based on curve fittingand the simulation has confirmed the rationality of the algorithm according to the actualsample data.In addition, this article also designes a set of automatic calibration software for digitalrefractometer to aims at artificial calibration problem.The software development is based onWinCE embedded system and Labview virtual instrument.This paper decribes detaily thesystem automatic calibration software design process and the realization method and theirfeasibilities are validated in the actual calibration operation.The software can automaticallygenerate the calibration fitting curve andautomatically deposite it into the device for storage.Users will save more time at the actual calibration process through the use of the software.After more than a year of development, debugging and testing, the project has beenbasically completed and it has realized the setted performance index and functionalrequirements. The project will improve the testing efficiency and accuracy greaty of digitalrefractometer.更多还原