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废弃PET的降解及其降解产物制备表面活性剂的研究
Study on Degrade Waste PET and Use the Degradation Product to Prepare Surfactant
【作者】 施川；
【导师】 杨锋；
【作者基本信息】 武汉纺织大学 ， 物理化学， 2012， 硕士
【摘要】 废弃的塑料已经成为了一个全球性的问题。不仅造成了污染，而且浪费了资源。本文以废弃PET为研究对象，应用催化剂和乙二醇对其降解做研究工作，并使用自制催化剂降解废弃PET。并对其降解产物制备表面活性剂做了一些探索性的工作。主要包括：第一，研究了在普通加热条件下应用醋酸锌做催化剂催化降解PET的各种工艺条件。包括：温度、时间、投料比、催化剂用量。第二，对催化剂进行了研究,主要应用了掺杂法来制备催化剂，制作出了比醋酸锌更加高效的金属氧化物催化剂。对自制的催化剂内的各种条件：金属的种类、金属的比例、老化温度、老化时间、煅烧温度、煅烧时间。第三，使用微波加热条件下应用催化剂降解的温度、时间、投料比、催化剂用量和微波功率的工艺条件。第四，降解的产物用氯磺酸磺化，对BHET上的苯环磺化，改变其化学结构，得到了发泡性较好，具有表面活性剂的物质。并测定了其表面张力和接触角。第五，用化学溶剂溶解了降解后产物，并将其用乌氏粘度计测定PET降解前后的分子量，并应用得到的数据对降解产物的成分进行了分析。第六，应用红外检测了降解产物及表面活性剂。应用高效液相色谱分析了产物的各种比例，并验证用粘度法测定的数据。应用DSC测定了降解产物的热性能。
【Abstract】 Waste plastic have been a global problem. It’s not only lead environment problem,but also waste resource. This paper focuses on waste PET, use catalyzer and ethyleneglycol (EG) to degradation it. After that we prepare two kinds of catalyzers, and testtheir catalyst capability. Then explore some method use the degradation product toprepare surfactant. This paper contains:1. Research PET degradation use electric jacket, and study factors affect BHET yield,include: temperature, reaction time, mole ratio, dosage of catalyst.2. Study on use doping method to prepare metallic oxide catalyzer, and we gain acatalyzer have more catalyst capability than zinc acetate, and we study different factorinfluence catalyst capability: kind of metal, metal mole ratio, aging time, agingtemperature, calcination temperature, calcination time.3. Use microwave to degrade PET plastic, and explore temperature, react time, moleratio, dosage of catalyzer and microwave power influence BHET yield.4. Sulfonate degradation product, use chlorosulfonic acid to sulfonate benzene ring,change molecular structure. We gain a foaminess well product. Then we measure thesurface tension and contact angle.5. Use agent solve degrade product, employ Ubbelohde viscometer measuremolecular weight before and after degradation. Use this data to analysis thecomposition of the product.6. Apply IR characteristic degradation product and self-make surfactant, HPLC toanalysis pureness, DSC to test degradation product.