【作者】 宋歌；

【导师】 贺敏；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 音乐学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 咏叹调是西方歌剧中的一种独唱形式，用以表现剧中主要人物的复杂情感。西方作曲家们创作了众多脍炙人口的咏叹调，流传数百年。在女高音的咏叹调中常常出现华彩乐段，从最开始演唱者的即兴演唱到后来作曲家们也开始创作华彩乐段，使之成为作品中的有机部分和有独立特点的段落[5]。华彩乐段中包括大段的音阶上下行、分解和弦等等，音高往往达到highC以上,给观众留下了深刻的印象。同时，华彩乐段为女高音歌唱演员展示其高超的演唱技巧和演绎人物的喜怒哀乐提供了较大的空间。本文重点分析了女高音咏叹调中华彩乐段的形式、难度和演唱技巧，以及解决这些演唱技巧的具体训练方法。这些训练方法是作者数年来在演唱实践中的心得体会，加以总结并提炼而成的。本文首先介绍了女高音的发展史、特征和女高音的分类。然后，以意大利作曲家贝利尼的歌剧《清教徒》中的咏叹调《耳边响起他的声音》和威尔第的歌剧《茶花女》中的咏叹调《他也许是我渴望见到的人》为例，分析了华彩乐段的两种常见形式：音阶式与分解和弦式。这些分析包括音域、速度和演唱难点以及如何表达剧中人物的情感等。最后，针对华彩乐段的演唱技巧提出了较详尽的训练方法，包括音准、节奏、气息和换声点四个方面，在每一方面都提出了具体的练声曲和练习要领。通过这些训练为唱好华彩乐段打下良好的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aria is a solo form in Western opera which is used to show the complex emotion ofthe main characters. Western composers have created a number of popular arias, which ispopular for hundreds of years. The cadenza often appears in the soprano aria. From thebeginning singers sang impromptu to composers began writing cadenza, it becomes anintegral part of the arias and an independent character of the paragraph. Cadenza include alarge section of the scale up and down and the broken chords, pitch often achieve morethan highC, that left an indelible impression on the audience. Meanwhile, it provides alarger space for soprano singers to show their superb singing skills and interpretation ofthe character’s emotions.This paper focuses on the different forms, difficulty, the specific singing techniquesand training methods of the cadenza in the soprano aria. Through this paper, the authorsunmmed methods in the singing practice for several years into theory.First, the paper introduces the history of soprano, its characteristics and soprano’sclassification.Then, it selects Verdi’s aria “He may be the man I desire to see” and Bellini’s aria“His voice sounded by my ear”. The author analyzes the form of the cadenza in the twoarias, including scales and broken chords, the analysis including: range, speed, singingdifficulty, to express the emotions of the characters and other aspects.Finally, according to the singing skills of the cadenza, the author summeds up anumber of training methods. Including the following training such as pitch, rhythm, breathand voice shifting point four parts, and propose specific exercises essentials in everyaspect, hoping to lay a solid foundation for singing the complete cadenza by thesetraining.更多还原