【作者】 周倩；

【导师】 侯培国；

【作者基本信息】 燕山大学 ， 精密仪器及机械， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 机械传动系统中，扭矩是反映设备系统性能的重要指标。目前扭矩传感器逐步向微型化、智能化及非接触式方向发展。基于光电式的扭矩测量在原理上有很大优势，具有非接触、不介入、抗电磁干扰等优点。DSP具有强大的运算能力，可实现高速数据采集及复杂算法运算，但它不适合逻辑控制和实时性很高的数据采集。现场可编程门阵列FPGA资源丰富、接口灵活、可实现并行运算，其全部控制逻辑由硬件完成，但它不适合做复杂运算。为了提高扭矩的动态实时测量能力，利用光电多码道技术进行扭矩测量，分析了扭矩测量的基本原理，设计了基于DSP和现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的多通道实时采集系统。通过多路方波信号细分计数周期，分析比较多路信号的状态变化特征并将比较结果作为计数依据，以实现对数据快速精确的采集。硬件上采用DSP和FPGA相结合的方法。利用FPGA实现多路信号采集、数据缓存以及外围控制，利用DSP对信号进行处理并完成数据传输，将数据传送至计算机以进行存储、显示和分析等。系统自身及外部干扰因素的存在使测得的扭矩存在上下波动的现象，采用EMD阈值去噪方法，对振动信号进行滤波去噪，提取稳定的信号波形。同时采用Hilbert-Huang变换对信号进行分析及有效特征提取，针对Hilbert-Huang变换存在的端点效应问题，采用支持向量回归机与镜像延拓相结合的方法，使端点效应得到了有效地抑制。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the mechanical transmission system, torque is the important performance index,which reflects the system performances of equipment. Now, micro、intelligence andNon-contact is the trend of torque sensor. The method for measuring torque based onphoto-electricity in principle has more advantages, such as, which are non-contact,non-intervention, anti-electromagnetic interference. These are the trends of torquemeasurement.Digital signal processor (DSP) has strong operation ability, which can achieve highspeed data acquisition and complex algorithm operations. But it is not suitable for logiccontrol and high real-time data collection. Field programmable gate array (FPGA) is richin resources, flexible interface, which can realize parallel operation and all of its controllogic has been completed by hardware, but it is not suitable for complex arithmetic. Inorder to improve the real-time dynamic measuring ability of torque, This paper usedphoto-electricity multiple code-tracks technology measure torque, analyzed the principleof torque measurement and designed a real-time multi-channel acquisition system basedon DSP and FPGA. In order to acquire the data rapidly and accurately，analysis andcomparison of the multi-channel signal feature and to compare the state of variation ofresults as the count basis through multi-channel square wave signal subdivision countcycle. This paper has used the combination of DSP and FPGA method on the hardware,The usage of FPGA can realize acquisition multi-channel signal, data cache and peripheralcontrol, use of DSP for signal processing and complete data transmission, the data istransmitted to the computer for storage, display and analysis, etc.Because of the system itself and external interference factors, the measurement oftorque has fluctuations of up and down, This paper used EMD threshold denoisingmethods denoising the vibration signal and extraction the stable signal waveform. Andused Hilbert-Huang transform for signal analysis and feature extraction in the same time, amethod which combines support vector regression (SVR) machine with mirror extensionwas proposed Because of Hilbert-Huang transform existed endpoint effect, Finally this paper make endpoint effect got restrain effectively.更多还原