【作者】 刘国栋；

【导师】 宋占杰；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的快速发展和综合国力的逐步提高,许多重要部门对海洋监测提出了更高的要求。波浪浮标是一种常用的海洋监测设备,具有无人值守、自动测量的优点,目前被广泛应用于各个海洋监测站。它可以定点、定时、连续、准确地对海面波浪的高度、周期以及波浪传播方向等水文要素进行遥测。本文在介绍国内外波浪浮标研究现状的基础上,指出了国内现有浮标的缺陷,分析了国外浮标在我国不适用的主要原因,提出了一套完整的波浪浮标系统设计方法和波浪浮标数据处理方法。主要是波浪浮标整体系统的总体设计方案,重点是波浪数据采集系统的设计方案,包括：微处理器单元、GPS单元、加速度传感器单元、电子罗盘单元以及嵌入式系统中软件的优化设计。此外,在介绍随机海浪模型,波高和波周期等海浪参数统计方法的前提下,重点介绍了基于加速度传感器的波浪浮标的测波原理和基于GPS传感器的波浪浮标的测波原理,然后比较了两种方法的优缺点,针对两种传感器提出了基于卡尔曼滤波器的信息融合新算法,以提高系统采集波面序列的精度。最后在介绍海浪功率谱和方向谱估计方法的基础上,提出了基于我国近海水浅特征的波浪浮标系统的功率谱、方向谱和波向的计算方法。波浪浮标数据处理软件的设计核心是浮标协同测波数据处理系统。通过仿真实验验证了本波浪浮标系统及其软件的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of the comprehensive strength of China’s economic, marine monitoring is put forward higher requirements. Wave buoy is a small, unmanned, automatic measurement system, a common marine monitoring equipment.It is widely used in many marine monitoring stations. The system can measure the hydrological factors fixedly, regularly, continuously, accurately, such as wave height, wave period and wave direction of propagation and so on.Firstly, based on the development process of domestic and international wave buoy, this paper pointed out the shortcomings of domestic wave buoy and analysed the unworthiness of foreign wave buoys.This paper presented a complete set of wave buoy system and the wave buoy data processing method, introduced the general design of the wave buoy specifically the design proposal of acquisition system, including the microprocessor module, GPS module, the acceleration sensor module and electronic compass module.Then the paper introduceed the random process model of the wave and the statistical methods of wave parameters such as wave height,wave period and so on. The paper focused on wave measurement principle based on accelerometer sensor and based on GPS sensor, compared two methods of similarities and differences.And the paper proposed the information fusion algorithm for two sensors based on Kalman filter, which improved the accuracy of wave surface sequence system collected effectively.Finally, this paper introduced estimation method of wave power spectrum and wave directional spectrum, then proposed the method of calculating for power spectrum, directional spectrum and wave direction for this wave buoy system based on characteristics of the sea area of China. The paper described the data processing software design of the wave buoy, particularly wave buoy data coordination processing systems. The simulation verified the effectiveness of the wave buoy system and the software.更多还原