【作者】 陈壮杰；

【导师】 宋占杰；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 信息与通信工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,海上舰船数量剧增,为达到避碰目的,所有军用和民用舰船都配备有X波段导航雷达。雷达扫描海面得到的“海杂波”图像含有丰富的海浪信息,可借用有效算法提取海浪的相关特征参数。借用导航雷达进行海洋遥感测量,相比其他设备具有便携、可靠、经济、安全、时空分辨率高等优点,所以近年来引起国内外学者的高度关注。目前,我国此项研究处于起步阶段,尚未研发成具有自主产权并可推广使用的监测设备。为提高我国近海和远洋海浪检测水平,以适应社会经济发展需要,本文对X波段导航雷达图像时间序列的海浪信息提取技术进行研究。首先,借鉴国内外已知成果,在充分了解海浪信息反演原理的基础上,借鉴了已有海浪反演的流程,设计并实现了适合我国近海特性的海浪信息反演的算法。其次,利用Longuet-Higgins海浪模型,通过选用恰当的海浪谱和方向函数,模拟了三维随机海浪数据;同时分析了雷达成像的机制并利用模拟数据成功实现了图像的仿真。然后,对设计的海浪信息反演算法进行了检验,结果验证了本文所用算法的有效性,为海上实测数据的处理和设备研发奠定了基础。另外,利用掌握的海上实测数据,分析并实现了海浪信息提取技术的流程,包括雷达图像的去噪修复、子图像序列的提取、海浪信息的反演等。初步开发了“X波段雷达时序图像测波数据处理系统”。最后,依据我国近海的特点,对国外已有方法进行了探索性的改进,提出了利用多项式回归方法估算有效波高的新数学模型,给出了利用分段函数拟合提高反演精度的新算法。通过对比实验,验证了所给模型和算法的可行性和有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the number of vessels at sea flourishes very increasingly. In order to avoid them from collision, all of the military and civilian ships are equipped with X-band navigation radar. The‘sea clutter’derived from the X-band marine radar contains the most of information about the sea waves. The relevant characteristics of sea state parameters can be extracted from the‘sea clutter’by using a certain algorithm. Compared to other devices, using a X-band radar for ocean remote sensing measurements has more advantages, thus more and more ocean scholars have joined into the study of the technology. At present, the study of such a technology inland is still in the stage of a tracking study, so it is very important for us to put more efforts on the study. In this paper, a deep research on the technology has been done.Based on the available papers, the algorithm of wave inversion has been extracted and implemented, and the numerical simulation of the sea waves and the X -band radar sea clutter has been done. By using the simulated radar images, the algorithm of wave inversion has been tested, and the results turn out good.With the real radar images derived from BOHAI, the entire process of the wave inversion has been analyzed in detail, including the radar image denoising and restoration, the extraction of sub-image sequence, the retrieval of the wave information. And a software system for analyzing the X-band radar images has been designed.Finally, according to the characteristics of China’s coastal waters, this paper exploratory improves the foreign countries methods in existence, proposes a new mathematical model with polynomial regression method to estimate the significant wave height, present a new algorithm with anti-sub-function fitting to improve inversion accuracy, and by comparing experiment, tests the feasibility and effectiveness of the given model and algorithm.更多还原