【作者】 金菊香；

【导师】 刘长根；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 流体力学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 河流水质的恶化已成为我国一个突出的水环境问题。在水污染防治研究过程中,以一维水动力水质模型为基础,根据水体污染现状,研究其水环境容量及剩余环境容量的合理分配问题,对水体污染的防治具有重要的现实意义。本文首先根据前人研究工作的成果并结合本课题的实际情况,对一维水动力水质模型及水环境容量进行了系统的文献综述。在此基础上,建立了一维水动力水质模型,该模型以Saint-Venant方程组及一维对流扩散方程为基础,分别采用Preissmann四点隐式差分格式和隐式迎风差分格式对一维水动力方程组及水质方程进行离散求解,采用“窄缝法”对动边界进行处理,并利用算例对建立的一维水动力水质模型进行了相应的验证分析。验证结果表明,计算结果与理论分析相符。在建立一维水动力水质模型的基础上,本文对河流水环境容量的计算及分配进行了系统的研究。主要是对模型参数的率定进行了详细论述,对河流水环境容量的计算模型及计算方法进行了比较,对水环境容量的分配方法及对分配结果的评估进行了相关分析。在上述工作的基础上,利用建立的一维水动力水质模型对北运河干流进行了数值模拟,并将模拟结果与各断面流量和水位的实测值进行了对比分析。最后本文根据水功能区划及区域的发展情况,对北运河水环境容量进行核算,结合目前的污染状况,提出水环境容量分配的方案,以期为北运河的水质预测、管理和决策提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The deterioration of the water quality in rivers has become a prominent water environmental issues in our country. In the water pollution control research process, Based on the one-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality models, studying the water capacity and a reasonable distribution for the remaining water capacity according to the water pollution situation which plays a very important role in the prevention of the water pollution.First, the thesis gives a systematic literature review for the one-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality models as well as the water environmental capacity based on the previous research summary and the actual situation of the issue. Then the one-dimensional hydrodynamic are established on the Saint-Venant equations using the Preissmann four-point implicit difference scheme, the water quality models are established on the convection-diffusion equation using the implicit upwind difference scheme, the slot method for dealing with the moving boundary. And the models are validated by some examples. The results show that the calculated values agree with the theoretical analysis.Based on the established models, this thesis does a systematic study of the water environment capacity calculation and its allocation. In the paper, the rate of the model parameters are discussed in detail, the calculation models and methods of the water capacity are compared, and do some correlation analysis for the distribution methods of the water environment capacity and the results of the assessment.On the basis, the one-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality models are applied to simulate the main branch of the Beiyun River, then analyze and compare the change process of the accounted results with the measured results. At last, accounting the water capacity and recommending an distribution program for the water capacity according to the water function zoning, the development of the region and the existing pollution situation, with a view to offer the Beiyun River a reference for the prediction, management and decision-making of the water quality.更多还原