【作者】 张代军；

【导师】 聂进；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 化学工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 锂离子电池自1991年索尼公司成功商业化以来,由于其具有能量密度大、工作电压高、循环寿命长等优点,成为最受青睐的二次电池。新世纪面临能源短缺和环境污染两大难题,迫切需要发展高功率和大容量的锂离子电池,以满足节能环保型动力汽车或混合动力汽车以及储能电池的要求。研制和开发高比能量、价格便宜、安全可靠的新一代锂离子电池是近几年来化学电源研究领域的焦点之一。经过近二十年的发展,锂离子电池已在移动电话、笔记本电脑、数码相机等便携式电子设备上得到广泛应用。但迄今为止,锂离子电池还不能满足动力锂离子电池的要求,主要存在安全性和稳定性问题,因为在有机电解质中含有挥发性溶剂,这些溶剂分解挥发,可以使电池的内部压力急剧增加,导致电解液分解,电解液泄漏,引起爆炸燃烧,造成极大的安全隐患。因此,使用新的体系来代替易挥发和可燃的电解质就显得尤为重要。离子液体应用于锂离子电池电解质,其最吸引人的特点是:较宽的液体范围、较强的溶解能力、较低的蒸气压、较合适的黏度、较高的导电性、较宽的电化学窗口等等。以上这些优点使其存在广阔的应用前景,近年来,离子液体的合成及应用已经成为一个研究热点。离子液体发展到现在已经有两个世纪的历史,关于离子液体的合成及工业化方面的综述也很多,但是离子液体作为电解质在电化学领域应用文献的综述极少,本文就近十年来离子液体作为电解质在电化学领域的应用及前景做了相关的综述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lithium-ion batteries become the most widely used secondary batteries, oweing to its high energy density, high voltage and long cycling life, since it has been developed successfully by SONY corporation in 1991. It is well known that there are two major problems of energy crisis and environmental pollution in the new century. So the urgent need is to develop high power and high-capacity lithium-ion batteries to meet the requirements of the energy saving environmental electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles and energy storage battery. It is the focus research that develop the high specific energy, cheap, safe and reliable lithium-ion battery as a new generation of chemical power in recent years. After nearly two decades development, lithium-ion batteries are used in mobile phones, laptop computers, digital cameras and other portable electronic devices widely. But until now, lithium-ion batteries can not meet the requirements of lithium-ion power battery, it’s main issue is lack of security and stability, exothermic reactions of lithium-ion batteries containing organic electrolyte include the decomposition of electrolyte and electrolyte and Electrode reaction, in the initial stage of thermal runaway. the accelerating of exothermic have accelerated the increasing of heat, These solvents can make pressure increase dramatically in battery of internal as a result of containing volatile dissolvent in organic electrolytes. It can lead to explosion of battery Therefore, it is particularly important that the new system replace volatile and combustible electrolytes.Ionic liquid can be used as the ideal battery electrolyte.The most attractive features are: wide range of liquid stable, strong solvency, lower vapor pressure, high conductivity, strong catalytic activity, etc. The existence of these advantages make their broad application prospects .In recent years, synthesis and application of ionic liquids have become a hot topic. Until now, there are two centuries in the development of ionic liquids. There are also many synthesis and industrialization of ionic liquids But the article of application of the ionic liquids as electrolytes in electrochemical synthesis were very few. This article is review article about the field of the ionic liquids as electrolytes in electrochemical applications and prospects.更多还原