【作者】 贺蛟；

【导师】 罗平； 谭世语；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 化学工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 废水的排放不仅浪费了宝贵的资源,而且将废水排入江河中还会造成严重的环境污染。白藜芦醇生产废水是一种浓度高,生物毒性较大、成分复杂的医药生产废水,很难对其进行直接的生化处理。如何通过预处理降低有机物浓度特别是难降解有机物浓度、降低废水毒性、改变水质条件是直接影响生化处理效果的关键所在。为了提高废水的生化性,改变废水中污染物性质,以便后续生物处理,本课题采用铁炭微电解—Fenton氧化法对白藜芦醇生产废水进行预处理,通过单因素实验和正交分析获得了对该类废水处理的各种工艺参数与主要影响因素,同时建立了最佳组合工艺,并通过价格核算得出了该预处理工艺的成本。根据铁炭微电解的基本原理,本课题选择废铁屑与活性炭粉作为铁炭微电解材料,对白藜芦醇生产废水进行了预处理,并对其主要影响因素进行了单因素实验研究及正交分析,讨论了电解时间、铁炭投加量、pH值、铁炭比等因素对该废水COD去除率的影响。研究结果表明:当体系pH 2.5,电解时间3小时,铁炭比（体积比）2:3,铁炭投加量1300g/L,在此条件下铁炭微电解对废水中COD的去除率可高达到83.8%。正交分析结果表明:电解时间是影响铁炭微电解方法的主要因素,各主要影响因素对铁炭微电解效果的影响大小依次为电解时间>铁炭投量>pH>铁炭比。本实验选取30%双氧水和硫酸亚铁溶液作为Fenton试剂配制材料,通过单因素和正交实验,对Fenton试剂处理白藜芦醇生产废水的主要影响因素进行了研究并得出了最佳工艺条件。主要影响因素包括:pH、氧化时间、Fe²⁺/H₂O₂摩尔比、H₂O₂加量等。研究结果表明:Fenton氧化法对该废水处理的最佳工艺条件为pH 3.5,氧化时间40分钟,Fe²⁺/H₂O₂摩尔比为2:45、氧化剂（30%H₂O₂）加入量27mL/L,此时COD去除率可达到52%左右。正交分析结果表明,对Fenton氧化工艺影响最大因素是pH;通过拟合可知COD去除率与pH值的变化呈显著的线性关系,这与反应过程中H₂O₂的分解产生活性.OH的定速步骤有直接关系。在各主要因素中对Fenton氧化过程影响的大小依次是:pH> Fe²⁺/H₂O₂摩尔比>H₂O₂加量。通过前期研究可以发现,经铁炭微电解处理后的白藜芦醇生产废水其COD值仍然较高,为了进一步降低白藜芦醇生产废水COD值,减轻后继生化处理构筑物的负荷,加快有机物降解,本研究在铁炭微电解处理基础上,采用后续Fenton氧化法对该废水进行了强化处理。首先将原废水pH调至2.5,加入体积比为2:3的铁炭1300g/L,电解3小时;将微电解后的出水pH调至3.5,加入H₂O₂ 8mL/L作为氧化剂,同时加入20%Fe²⁺溶液约0.74mL/L作催化剂,氧化40分钟,调pH至8.5⁹,实验结果表明:经过该组合工艺预处理后其废水COD去除率可高达96%,出水水质澄清,COD降到1200mg/L左右,异味基本去除,无悬浮颗粒,达到了生化处理要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 The discharge of wastewater not only results in a waste of valuable resources, but also causes serious environmental pollution if the wastewater is sent into rivers. Wastewater of resveratrol production is a pharmaceutical wastewater, which has characteristics with high concentration, high bio-toxic and complexity of components. Generally, it should be pretreated before the biological treatment. The key points of pretreatment which directly affect the effect of biological treatment are how to reduce the concentration of organics, especially the refractory organics, remove or reduce toxicity, and change the water qualities. In order to improve the biodegradability of the wastewater, change the property of pollutants in wastewater, so as to make the following treatment much easier, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis followed by Fenton oxidation method was used in the pretreatment research in this paper. Firstly, the process parameters and main factors were obtained through the pretreatment experiments of the wastewater. Then, based on the research of the combined process, the optimum experimental conditions of the combined process were determined. Finally, the pretreatment cost was obtained through the price calculation of the basic processes.Based on the basic principles of iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, iron scrap and activated carbon powder were used as materials of micro-electrolysis to pretreat the wastewater of resveratrol production. Orthogonal and single-factor experiment methods were used to get the key factors affecting the process, the factors, such as electrolysis time, the iron-carbon dosage, pH, iron-carbon ratio and so on, which affect COD removal rate of the wastewater were discussed. The results showed that under the conditions of pH 2.5, electrolysis time was 3 hours, iron-carbon ratio （volume ratio） was 2:3, iron-carbon dosage was 1300g/L, COD removal rate of the wastewater reached 83.8%. Orthogonal analysis results showed that the order of various main factors affecting the effect of the iron-carbon electrolysis was electrolysis time > iron-carbon dosage> pH> iron-carbon ratio.In this study, 30% hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution were selected as the materials of Fenton reagent, through single factor and orthogonal experiments, the main factors of treatment of resveratrol wastewater by Fenton reagent were studied and the optimum conditions were obtained, The main factors included pH, oxidation time, Fe²⁺ / H₂O₂ molar ratio, H₂O₂ dosage and so on. The results showed that pH3.5, oxidation time was 40 minutes, molar ratio of Fe²⁺ and H₂O₂ was 2:45, oxidant dosage （30% H₂O₂） was 27mL/L were determined as the optimum conditions of the Fenton oxidation process, under these conditions, COD removal rate reached 52%. pH as the most important factor has been determined by orthogonal experiments,COD removal rate and pH changes showed a significant linear relationship by fitting, which had direct relationship with the fixed speed steps of H₂O₂ decomposition to produce activity .OH. The order of various main factors affecting the effect of the Fenton oxidation process was pH> Fe²⁺ / H₂O₂ molar ratio > H₂O₂ dosage.Through preliminary studies, we could see that COD of the resveratrol production wastewater still stayed high after the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis treatment, in order to further reduce the COD value of the wastewater, reduce the load of equipments in subsequent biological treatment, and accelerate the degradation of organic matter, in this study, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis treatment followed by Fenton oxidation treatment was used to enhance the treatment result of the wastewater. The results showed that, by adjusting the original waste water’s pH to 2.5, adding iron-carbon 1300g/L with the volume ratio 2:3, and after electrolysis for 3 hours, adjusting water’s pH to 3.5, then adding 8mL/L H₂O₂ as the oxidant, while adding additional 20% Fe²⁺ solution about 0.74 mL/L as catalyst, at last, after oxidation for 40 minutes, adjusting water’s pH to 8.5 ⁹, then COD removal rate reached 96% . After the pretreatment process, the water became clarification, COD reduced to about 1200mg/L, the odor was basically removed and no suspended particles were observed, achieving the requirement of biological treatment.更多还原