【作者】 孙静文；

【导师】 杨基先；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 环境科学与工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 水体中氮素污染越来越受到人们的关注。“十二五”规划框架将氨氮列入总量控制,这项规定对城市污水处理提出了新要求。本研究利用生物载体强化技术,将好氧反硝化细菌和磁强化技术有机结合,开发新型高效磁生物载体,对其反硝化效能进行了考察。利用磁生物载体和SBR系统相结合,构建SBBR污水脱氮除碳系统,考察稳定运行时反应系统内氮素和COD的去除效能,同时研究了不同环境条件对SBBR系统内的总氮和COD去除效果的影响。通过PCR-DGGE技术分析系统中的群落结构,为现有污水处理系统的强化及同步脱氮除碳机理提供进一步参考。研究表明,2#载体挂膜效果最好,同时能促进功能菌T13的处理效果,接种15d后生长吸光度和硝氮去除率分别达到最优值0.91和94.17%,明显优于纯菌。2#载体的3种磁强化处理中,P#和M+P#载体对促进NO3-N的去除效果最有利,平均去除率提高至99.06%和98.44%。M#,M+P#载体提高了OUR值,分别达到48.28和50.25gO 2·(gMLVSS·hr)-1。在检测不同时间T13生物膜对氮素的转化结果发现, P#和M#载体4h后对硝氮去除率即达到95.79%和96.38%,对水中的亚硝氮也有良好的去除效果。12h后对总氮的去除可以达到91.63%和92.46%。根据试验结果选择P#作为反应器投加载体。将载体投入反应器中构建SBBR系统。在SBBR和对照系统两个反应器运行期间,SBBR平均出水氨氮浓度为2.91mg/L,去除率为96.79%,出水总氮去除率76.19%,COD评价出水49.25mg/L。对照系统平均出水氨氮浓度7.23mg/L,去除率92.08%,总氮平均去除率59.84%。平均COD出水浓度55.93mg/L,SBBR的总氮和COD去除效果及稳定性都优于对照系统。SBBR系统的最佳的HRT为24小时,对照系统为28小时。SBBR系统在pH为7-9之间总氮和COD去除效能较高,而对照系统在pH范围为7-8时可以取得相应最佳效果。随着DO浓度升高,两套系统总氮去除率都有所下降,SBBR及对照系统最佳DO浓度均为2.0mg/L。DGGE分析显示,SBBR系统和对照系统都有丰富的多样性,T13功能菌在运行过程中一直存在于磁强化载体内。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nitrogen pollution has been concerned by people. In the 12th 5 year plan, total amount control will include the ammonia nitrogen, the provision to the urban sewage treatment puts forward new requirements. This research use biological carrier strengthening technology, combine aerobic denitrification bacteria and magnetic strengthening technology together, develop magnetic biological denitrification efficiency carrier. Using magnetic biological carrier and the SBR system, construct SBBR sewage system, investigate nitrogen and COD removal effect, use different environmental influencing factors of SBBR. Through PCR-DGGE system of microbial community structure succession law for existing wastewater treatment system, the strengthening of the aerobic denitrification and the application of nitrogen and synchronization mechanism provides further reference.Results show that 2 # carrier hang membrane effect, and can promote best growth and nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency of 0.91 and 94.17%, significantly better than pure bacteria. Of the three kinds magnetic strengthen treatment, P# and M+P# carrier promote removal efficiency of NO3-N the most advantageous, average removal rate increases to 99.06% and 98.44%, and promote the stability. M#, M+P# carrier increased value is 48.28 and 50.25 gO2·(gMLVSS·hr)-1. In the test different time T13 biofilm on the transformation of nitrogen, P# and found M# carrier grew more good, 4 h of nitrate nitrogen removal rate after that 95.79% and 96.38% of the water, and the nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency of also good. After 12h, total nitrogen removal to 91.63% and 92.46%. According to the results choose P# as the reactor dosing carrier.Dose the carrier in to SBR system and construct of the SBBR reactor system. In SBBR and control system two reactor operation period, SBBR average water ammonia nitrogen concentration of 2.91 mg/L, removal rate is 96.79%, and total nitrogen removal of water is 76.19%, COD evaluation is 49.25mg/L. Control system average water ammonia nitrogen concentration 7.23mg/L, removal rate 92.08%, total nitrogen removal rate of 59.84% on average. Average COD 55.93 mg/L water concentration, SBBR of TN and COD removal efficiency and stability are superior to that of the control system.The best HRT for SBBR system is 24 hours, contrast system is 28 hours. SBBR system got appropriate effect in the pH range of 7 to 9 total nitrogen and COD removal, and control system in the pH range of 7 to 8 can obtain corresponding best effect. As DO concentration, two sets of system increased total nitrogen removal rate drop, SBBR and control system got best effect when DO concentration is 2.0mg/L. DGGE analysis showed that, SBBR system and control system has the rich diversity, T13 in operation process of the operation and the magnetic strengthen carrier has been in.更多还原