【作者】 陈功；

【导师】 崔乃刚；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 飞行器设计， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本文跟踪升力式再入飞行器的研究进展,以工程应用为目标,对升力式再入飞行器的最新发展、再入制导方法和末端能量管理(Terminal Area Energy Management,TAEM)方法进行研究。针对新一代升力式再入飞行器的发展特点,详细调研了目前世界各军事航天强国发展的多种升力式可重复使用飞行器和升力式再入打击飞行器,并分析了其关键技术和未来发展趋势。以研究升力式飞行器再入飞行特性为研究目的,考虑地球自转和扁率的影响,建立了升力式飞行器的再入动力学模型。在此基础上,参考现有航天飞机和飞船返回舱的再入驻点热流、过载、动压和控制等方面的约束,计算了给定升力式飞行器的再入走廊。为了给出适应新一代升力式再入飞行器的再入制导方法,详细分析了目前最为适用的航天飞机再入制导方法。针对航天飞机再入制导方法的缺点,目前再入制导发展的主要方向是在线轨迹规划技术,以提高飞行器返回时的安全性和任务适应性。本文在参考多种再入制导方法的基础上,设计改进的加速度制导方法中的轨迹规划算法来在线生成参考轨迹,并采用了航天飞机再入制导的轨迹跟踪算法进行仿真验证,仿真结果检验了方法的有效性。为了实现升力式飞行器再入飞行后安全准确地降落在指定的机场跑道,末端能量管理段制导是关键。在参考航天飞机TAEM轨迹规划方法的基础上,将TAEM段轨迹的规划问题转化为由四个几何参数确定的轨迹优化问题,在给出的性能指标下,通过优化算法得到了可行的TAEM段优化轨迹。最后用设计的TAEM段轨迹跟踪算法对参考轨迹进行了仿真验证,仿真结果表明了本文TAEM制导方法的适用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Following the research and development of lifting reentry vehicle, this paper studies on three works: the newly development of reentry vehicles, reentry guidance and terminal area energy management (TAEM) with the purpose of engineering application.According to the development characteristics of the 2nd generation lifting reentry vehicle, this paper does lots of research on the reusable launch vehicle and reentry attack weapons newly developed by some military space powers. Also this paper points out the development trend and key technologies for the future lifting reentry vehicles.In order to research the reentry flight of the lifting reentry vehicle, the reentry dynamical and kinematical model is established, considering the earth rotation and flattening. On this basis, a glide reentry corridor for lifting reentry vehicle is computed refer to the space shuttle and capsules’flight contains of stagnation point thermal Flow, normal acceleration, dynamic pressure and control etc.This paper surveys kinds of reentry guidance algorithms, especially the space shuttle guidance, in order to get the useful reentry guidance. Considering the shortage of space shuttle guidance, the main improvement of newly reentry guidance is the on-board trajectory planning. This technology can improve the security and flexibility of vehicle’s reentry flight. This paper uses the on-board trajectory planning algorithm of evolved acceleration guidance logic for entry (EAGLE), and uses the shuttle’s trajectory tracking algorithm to make a simulation validation. Results show that the guidance is useful.TAEM is the key phase for the lifting reentry landing on the runway accurately. Based on the space shuttle’s trajectory planning and guidance of TAEM, the trajectory planning is transformed into a four geometry parameters’trajectory optimization problem. An optimal trajectory is obtained by a trajectory optimization method with proper performance index. Then, the trajectory is tracked by the designed guidance tracking algorithm. The simulation results show that the TAEM guidance logic is effective and accurate.更多还原