【作者】 李晓杰；

【导师】 唐德瑞； 何佳林；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 森林培育， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 本文收集了陕西主要栽培的10个银杏品种(无性系)进行了银杏生长指标与叶内氨基酸变异规律的研究,运用方差分析、相关性分析、逐步回归分析、主成分分析找出银杏生长指标与叶内氨基酸的变异规律,为陕西以营养和药用为目的银杏品种选育提出了初步的理论依据,对银杏优良品种的选育具有一定的指导意义.。主要结论如下:(1)银杏氨基酸变异规律的研究:主成分分析得出了影响银杏叶中氨基酸变异规律的四种主成分,分别是必需氨基酸因子、医药性氨基酸因子、营养性氨基酸因子、调节性氨基酸因子。就10个银杏品种(无性系)而言,因子得分最大的是必需氨基酸因子,因子得分最小的是调节性氨基酸因子,说明这10个银杏品种的必需氨基酸特征与调节性氨基酸因子特征表现相对明显。根据综合评价函数,可以计算出10个银杏栽培品种(无性系)的综合得分值:C94-53>陕引30号>陕引28号>陕引23号>陕引32号>陕引18号>陕引24号>C95-07>C95-14>C95-08。(2)银杏生长指标变异规律研究研究结果表明,不同银杏品种或类型间树体指标、叶形状指标和叶重量指标均有较大分化。树体指标变异幅度由大到小为标准枝数>根径>树高;叶形状指标变异幅度由大到小为叶基角>叶厚>叶柄长>叶面积>叶长>叶宽;叶重量指标变异幅度由大到小为叶干重>叶鲜重>株叶干重>叶水含量>株叶数>株叶鲜重。银杏品种间氨基酸含量存在较大差异。银杏叶氨基酸总量与生长指标之间的相关性分析表明银杏叶氨基酸总量与叶长、叶柄长和叶鲜重呈弱线性正相关关系;与标准枝数、叶干重、株叶数、株叶鲜重和株叶干重呈强线性正相关关系;其中与株叶数、株叶鲜重和株叶干重达到极显著;与地径、树高、叶宽、叶基脚、叶面积和叶厚呈弱线性负相关关系;和叶含水率成明显的负相关性。并求得与氨基酸相对总量相关性最大的回归模型,为快速估测银杏叶内氨基酸总量提供了科学依据。综合考虑各因素,结合氨基酸相对总量与4各主成分的空间趋势,可以得出10个叶用银杏栽培品种(无性系)的排序结果为:陕引23号>C95-07>陕引30号>C95-08>陕引24号>陕引18号>C94-14>>陕引32号>C94-53>陕引28号。其中以陕引23号和C95-07的氨基酸相对量值最大,比较适宜作为叶用银杏的栽培品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using Variance Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Stepwise regression Analysis, and Principal Component Analysis, 10 male and female clones cultivation excellent varieties of Ginkgo Biloba in Shanxi were collected to do study of Ginkgo Biloba Amino Acid Variation Pattern,to supply the theoretical basis for the selection purpose of ginkgo varieties in medicine and nutrition, which also had certain directive significance.Main conclusions are as follows:(1) Research of ginkgo amino acids variation:The Principal Component Analysis showed that the four principal component which influence in ginkgo biloba leaves the variation patterns of amino acids: greater loads of total lactone are:essential amino acids factor, medicine amino acids factor, nutrition amino acid factor and regulatory factor amino acids factor. Just 10 ginkgo varieties, the biggest factor score is essential amino acids factor, the minimum factor score is that the regulatory amino acids factor of 10 varieties of ginkgo biloba characteristics and accommodative amino acids essential amino acid is obvious factor feature. According to comprehensive evaluation function,10 Ginkgo cultivars composite score value can be calculated:C94-53>ShanY30> ShanY28 >ShanY23> ShanY32>ShanY18>ShanY24>C95-07>C95-14>C95-08.(2) Studies of ginkgo growth indexes variation:Research results showed that:there is great differentiation of different Ginkgo variety in the values of trees index, leaf shape index and leaf weight index. The variation of trees indexes are sorted as Standard stick>root diameter>Tree height; the variation of leaf shape indexes are sorted as Leaf basal angle> Leaf thickness > Petiole long > Blade area > Leaf blade long > Blade width; variation of leaf weight indexes are sorted as Leaf dry weight>Leaf fresh weight > Leaf dry weight per plant>Leaf water content>Leaf number per plant > Leaf fresh weight per plant. There is great variation in Amino Acid contents of different Ginkgo variety.The correlation analysis between the total Amino Acid and the index of growth shows that: there is a weak positive linear correlation between the total Amino Acid and Leaf blade long. Petiole long, Leaf fresh weight and a strong positive linear correlation between total Amino Acid and standard stick, Leaf dry weight, Leaf number per plant, Leaf fresh weight per plant,Leaf dry weight per plant in which the correlation with Leaf number per plant, Leaf fresh weight,Leaf dry weight are most remarkable,meanwhile root diameter, Tree height, Leaf blade long,Blade width Leaf basal angle,Blade area Leaf thickness are weak and Leaf water content was Significant negative correlation. And the relative amount with amino acids, the regression model between maximum for fast estimation in ginkgo biloba total amino acids provided scientific basis.Comprehensive account of various factors, combining with 4 each amino acid relative amount of main components of space trend, we can seen the ranking results of varieties: ShanY23>C95-07>ShanY30>C95-08>ShanY24>ShanY18>C94-14>ShanY32>C94-53>ShanY28。ShanY23 and C95-07 amino acids relative value largest,they are more appropriate for leaf-using ginkgo cultivated varieties更多还原