聚苯胺及碳质材料/聚苯胺复合物电化学性质的研究

【作者】 张荣荣；

【导师】 蒋晓青；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 物理化学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 纳米级碳质材料与导电高分子之间的强相互作用以及协同效应可以提高高分子的电化学性能,所以这种复合物一直是研究的热点。其中,碳纳米管与聚苯胺之间形成的特殊核壳结构以及石墨烯较大的比表面,这些特点都利于电解质离子的扩散进而改善聚苯胺的电化学性质。本文主要研究了聚苯胺、碳纳米管/聚苯胺、石墨烯/聚苯胺三种膜的的电化学性能,并通过对比结果,分析说明纳米级碳质材料的掺入对导电高分子电化学性质的影响。首先,本文运用传统的电化学合成方法,制备出了聚苯胺、以及纳米级碳质材料与聚苯胺的复合物。通过扫描电镜与透射电镜对复合物的表观形貌和立体结构做了表征,还做了各类膜的红外吸收光谱,这些都有力的说明了碳质材料的掺入。并且,从电镜图可以看出,复合物之间所形成的是一种聚苯胺包裹碳纳米管的特殊核壳结构。其次,应用一种新的电化学技术在一个很宽的掺杂区域内分析比较了原位生长的聚苯胺膜以及碳质材料/聚苯胺复合膜的电导率和迁移率,通过对比发现碳纳米管/聚苯胺、石墨烯/聚苯胺复合物的电导率以及迁移率同纯聚苯胺相比都有提高。此外,本文还通过计时电位法测定了膜在不同电流密度下的充放电曲线,通过一系列的计算,得出聚苯胺及复合物的比电容值,结果显示复合物的比电容值也有显著的提高。因此,可以得出,碳质材料与聚苯胺链之间的相互作用以及所形成的特殊结构利于电子的转移,进而提高了电化学特性；此外,碳质材料与聚苯胺之间的协同效应也使得复合物的电容特性明显改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The interaction and synergistic effect between nano-carbon and conductive polymer are beneficial to the polymer’s electrochemical property. So the composites attract much attention recently. It’s helpful to the diffusion of electrolyte ion that the special core-shell structure between carbon nanotube and polyaniline(PANi) and the high specific surface of graphene. So the polyaniline’s electrochemical property is improved because of that.This article focused on the electrochemical property of PANi,carbon nanotube/polyaniline(CNT/PANi) and graphene/polyaniline (GC/PANi) and analysed the effect of nano-carbon on PANi by comparing the results.First,Using the way of conventional electrochemical deposition can produce PANi, CNT/PANi and GC/PANi. The composites’ surface topography can be confirmed through SEM、TEM and IR absorption spectrum that verify the combination of CNT and PANi. In addition, the composites formed a special core-shell structure that CNT was wrapped by PANi uniformly through the electron micrograph.Secondly, the conductivity and charge carriers mobility of PANi and nano-carbon/PANi composites in broad potential and doped area can be measured by a novel electrochemical methord. By contrast,it’s found that the conductivity and mobility of CNT/PANi、GC/PANi are higher than pure PANi. Thirdly, Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests were carried out with different current density to evaluate the capacitance of PANi and CN/PANi. The results reveal that the specific capacitance of composites is higher than pure PANi. Consequently,the special structure and strong interaction between the nano-carbon and PANi are beneficial to the charge transportation which improves the electrochemical property; In addition, the capacitance is improved due to the synergistic effect between nano-carbon and PANi.更多还原