近代晋冀鲁豫族田研究

【作者】 吴宝莲；

【导师】 慈鸿飞；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 专门史， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 近代是族田发展的重要时期,了解这一时期族田的特点及影响,是近代社会经济史的一项重要内容。目前对族田的研究,多集中于南方地区,北方地区很少有人涉及。为了更全面地揭示族田的性质和价值,体现族田的地域特色,本文对近代山西、河北、山东、河南等北方四省的族田状况进行了较为全面的考察。总体而言,近代晋冀鲁豫族田数量较少,分布也不平衡,各省族田所占土地总面积的平均比例在1%左右,最多不会超过2%；族田的来源主要为族人的捐置和阖族购买,这使得族田的增殖非常依赖族众的经济水平,不易形成制度化和常态化,四省族田整体呈现出曲折波动的发展态势；宗族依照自身实际,对族田采取或松或严的管理措施,族田田产大多自耕和出租经营；随着时代的发展,族田的功能日益多样,但祭祀功能仍占主要地位。在此研究的基础上,本文还进一步对南北方族田的状况进行了细致比较,并从影响族田建设的主客观方面,再次思考北方族田不发达的原因,以期窥探出近代晋冀鲁豫族田发展的区域特色,尽力展现北方族田的历史原貌。更多还原

【Abstract】 The modern time is an important period for the development of the clan fields. And for the social and economic history of modern times, an important task is to know the characteristics and influence of the clan fields. The present research of the clan fields mainly focuses on the south of China, and rarely on the north. In order to uncover the nature and value of the clan fields and reveal their regional characteristics, this thesis has made a comprehensive investigation on the clan fields of four Northern provinces, namely Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan.Generally speaking, clan fields were few and distributed unevenly in these four provinces in modern times. It is reported that clan fields accounted for 1%-2% of the total land in each province.The clan fields were mainly donated and bought fields, therefore, their increase depended largely on clans’economic levels. As a result, clan fields were hard to be internalized and normalized and had a fluctuate development. Leaders of clans managed clan fields either strictly or loosely in the light of actual conditions. At that time, clan-owned fields were cultivated by people of their own clans or rented by others. As time went on, the functions of clan fields diversified, but the main function was still the sacrifice. On the basis of the research, this thesis has further compared the clan fields of the south and the north.The subject and objective aspects influencing the development of clan fields have been studied to further investigate the causes of the underdevelopment of the clan fields of the north, with an aim to reveal the regional characteristics of these four provinces in modern times and display the original appearance of the clan fields of the north.更多还原