【作者】 姚进如；

【导师】 李鸿洲；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国对水污染治理力度加大,聚丙烯酰胺类药剂消耗量迅速增长。阳离子絮凝剂以其优良的处理效果而被广泛应用。本论文在综合相关文献基础上,以丙烯酰胺(AM)与阳离子单体(2一甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为反应单体,分别以聚(2一甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基苄基氯化铵与丙烯酰胺的共聚物为分散稳定剂,在硫酸铵和叔丁醇(TBA)的水溶液中制备了稳定的AM/DMC共聚物乳液。通过单因素实验考察了单体浓度、单体配比、分相介质浓度、引发剂浓度、聚合温度对共聚物分子量和分散相颗粒大小的影响,实验得到的较佳反应条件为:单体浓度8%～15%,阳离子度10%～20%,硫酸铵浓度15%～30%,稳定剂浓度1.5%～3.0%(单体),稳定剂分子量3×10~5～10×10~5,反应温度为18℃-50℃。所得乳液粘度小、稳定性好,单体最终转化率可达到99%以上,共聚物分子量达到320万。利用红外光谱(IR)对所得聚合物的结构进行了表征,表明产物是AM/DMC的共聚产物。用溴化法测定聚合体系反应转化率,通过扫描电镜(SEM)测定考察反应时间对聚合程中聚合物粒径的影响。沉降实验评价絮凝剂絮凝效果。通过测定透光率和沉淀速率来考察pH值、阳离子絮凝剂浓度、阳离子度及絮凝剂分子量等对絮凝效果影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 With strength increase on waste water treatment , wastage of cationic polymerflocculants(CPF)increases rapidly.The perfect performance of CPF is used widely in the waste water fields.On the basis of the relevant literatures, copolymerization of acrylamide(AM)and dimethacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC)was carried out using poly(dimethyla- minoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride)(PDMC) and poly(dimethylamino- ethyl methacrylate benzyl chloride?acrylamide)(PDMB?AM) as the steric stabilizer , and in ammonium sulfate(AS) and uncle butanol aqueous solution aqueous solution. The effects of varying factors,i.e.the total concentration of monomers and the molar ratios of DMC:AM,the initiator concentration,the temperature,the concentration of ammonium sulfate and the stabilizer on the monomer conversion,the initial copolymerization rate,the molecular weight of copolymer and the Z.average particle size were systematically investigated.By the single.Factor experiments .the optimum conditions for the performance ofAM/DMC Were determined to be as follows:8%～1 5%for monomer,10%～20%for the cationic monomer, 1.5%～3.O%for PDMC,0.003%～0.009%for V-44,the molecular weight of PDMC 3.0x 10~5～10.0x 10~5 and 18℃～50℃for the temperature.The structure of the copolymer was charactered by FTIR.The spectra results revealed that the main chain units ofAM、DMC were showed in the figures,The obtained system had lower visieosity and good stability after a long period of storage.The final monomer conversion exceeded 99%and the molecular weight of the copolymer Was more than 32 million.The effect of monomer,initiators,temperture and dispersants on the reaction speed is studied by the test of bromize method.IR spectrogram confirms the structure of P(AM-DAC). Optics microscope and SEM reviews the change of grain size under the different period.And study the flocculation effect through settlement experimental and measuring light transmittance by cationic flocculant concentration, cationic degrees and molecular weight of flocculants .更多还原