【作者】 王欣；

【导师】 胡小鹏；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 中国古代史， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 中国古代中央官学正式建制始于汉武帝置博士弟子员,在长安设立太学。此后,中央官学随着历代政治文化的统治形势不断演变和发展,期间又经历了不同程度的转型与改革。从成吉思汗统一蒙古部族开始到忽必烈立国中原再到元代诸帝继承大统,元代中央官学上承唐宋以来的发展余绪,又因蒙古统治者夹杂着草原文化与西域文化的民族性,加之元代统治者的治国方略和教育思想与前代相比也是有所不同的。元世祖“附会汉法”的治国策略对以后元代诸帝的教育思想均有所影响,有元一代统治者的汉化程度亦不断加深。正是在这样一种政治背景和文化教育思想影响下,元代中央官学循着传统而又独具特色的轨迹发展。元代中央官学形成了三所国子监和三所国子学并立的办学模式,其创办的原因与发展的情况,呈现出了元代教育的独特面貌。而从元代中央官学的管理和办学思路上看,中国古代学校教育制度在元代也发生了一些变化,对明清官学教育产生了一定的影响。元代中央官学对元代多民族文化的融合以及地方学校教育都起到了积极的作用,同时促成了理学的官学化。但是元代中央官学中存在的缺失和不足也是不可忽略的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Central Government School of ancient Chinese formal institution began setting doctor disciple member in Emperor Wu, established supreme college in Chang’an. Since then, the development of Central Government School with the rule and situation of the political and culture, and experienced different degree of transformation and reform. Form Genghis Khan unified Mongolia tribes to Kublai Khan establish state in Central Plains and then other Yuan dynasty emperor inherited reigns of power, the central government school of Yuan Dynasty inherited the development situation since the Tang-Song period, because of the nationality of Mongolian ruler with grassland culture and the western culture, the governing strategy and the education thought of Yuan Dynasty is different to previous dynasties. Kublai Khan take "Han method" of wildly governing strategy deeply affecting the education thought of other Yuan Dynasty emperor, chinesization of Yuan Dynasty rulers deeper and deeper. In such a political background and cultural education ideology, the Central Government School of Yuan Dynasty with the traditional central authority and unique track developed.The development patterns of the Central Government School of Yuan Dynasty were three Imperial Colleges and three Imperial academies coexisting, its reason and situation of established, shows the Yuan Dynasty education characteristic. The management and school-running thought of Yuan dynasty Central Government School were some expressions, which ancient Chinese school education system in the Yuan dynasty had undergone some changes, and had produced certain effect to Ming-Qing government school education. The Central Government School of Yuan Dynasty play a positive role to Yuan Dynasty’s multi-national culture confluence and local school education, and had contributed to Neo-Confucianism in the office-oriented education. But the flaws and insufficiency of Central Government School of Yuan Dynasty can not be ignored.更多还原