【作者】 王小庆；

【导师】 谷拴成；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 岩土工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着矿山开采条件的日益复杂和开采深度的增加,软岩巷道支护问题越来越突出。拱形支架具有可缩性能好,承载力大等特点,采用拱形支架支护软岩巷道可以适应软岩本身的大变形特性,达到“以柔克刚、缓冲让压、稳定支护”目的,是软岩巷道支护中有效的支护方式。本文针对矿山软岩巷道中拱形支架进行了研究,主要包括以下几个方面:(1)分析了软岩巷道变形特征及破坏形式,针对目前软岩巷道中所采用的支护形式,得出拱形支架能够有效地支护软岩巷道。(2)建立了拱形支架的计算模型,以荷载结构模型和力法原理为基础,对拱形支架进行了具体的力学分析,推导了拱形支架的水平反力。(3)从合理拱轴线的角度对拱形支架的轮廓曲线进行了优化,通过理论推导得出:在承受不等压荷载的巷道中,巷道顶部的最佳形状为椭圆形;针对巷道顶部的最佳形状为椭圆形的情况,采用荷载结构模型,运用力法原理,推导了椭圆形支架构件的内力表达式,研究结果对支架的设计计算和工程应用具有一定的参考价值。(4)简要介绍了作用在拱形支架上外荷载的计算方法,在此基础上,以算例为研究背景,运用本文推导出的内力计算公式对巷道拱形支架采用不同的方案进行了设计,并对不同的支护方案进行了比较,为软岩巷道中拱形支架支护提供了一定的指导意义。(5)拟定不同的工况对巷道拱形支架支护进行了优化,通过有限元计算分析得出了相应的结论,该结论对于拱形支架的设计和工程应用具有一定参考价值。另外,为了确定支架在支护过程中的薄弱部位,利用有限元对特定的支架进行计算分析,以便在实际支护中,对这些薄弱部位进行加强。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing complexity of mining and the increase of mining depth,issue on soft rock roadway has become more prominent. Arch support has good contractible performance, large carrying capacity and other characteristics. Adopting arch support strut soft rock, arch support can be adapted to the large deformation properties of soft rock, achieve the purpose of“dealt with gently, allow the buffer pressure, stably supporting”, arch support is an effective way of soft rock roadway. In this article, arch support of soft rock mining is studied. The main work includes the following aspects:(1)The soft rock deformation characteristics and failure modes are analyzed. Arch support can support soft rock effectively through analyzing the current support forms on soft rock roadway.(2) The calculation model of arch support is established, and the concrete mechanical analysis on arch support is carried out basing on load-structural model and the power principle. The level reaction of arch support is derived.(3) Contour curves of arch stent are optimized from the perspective of a reasonable arch axis, through theoretical analysis we know : In roadways which bear the pressure of not equal, the best shape on at the top of roadways is oval; For the situation, adopting load-structural model and the power principle, internal force expression of oval support is derived, results of the investigation have certain reference value for the design and engineering application of support.(4) The calculation method of external loads that arch support withstand is introduced briefly. On this basis, Taking the example as a study background, arch supports of roadway are designed by using calculation formula of this article, we design different programs, In addition, the different supporting programs are compared, results of the investigation provide some guidance to arch support in soft rock roadway.(5) Arch supports are optimized in different conditions, we obtain the corresponding conclusions by finite element analysis, These conclusions have certain reference value for the design and engineering application of arch supports.In addition, we find the weak parts of arch supports in the supporting process through the finite element analyze the specific support; Based on the results, we can strengthen these weak parts in practice.更多还原