【作者】 李立功；

【导师】 李天良；

【作者基本信息】 西安科技大学 ， 矿物加工工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 以彬长矿区火石咀细粒煤为研究对象,针对其灰分、硫分含量较高的现状,进行了浮选-絮凝选矿试验。试验从影响浮选的工艺因素入手,考察了原煤性质、煤浆浓度、药剂制度、工艺流程、絮凝剂选择等因素对浮选精煤产率及精煤中灰分、硫分的影响,采用分步释放工艺浮选精煤。探讨了煤粒度级(A)、煤浆浓度(B)、捕收剂用量(C)、起泡剂用量(D)、搅拌转速(E)对精煤产率、灰分、硫分的影响,并通过正交试验对各因素间的无交互作用进行了试验,得出了影响精煤产率的显著性因素是:D>E>C>A>B,及最佳工艺组合条件A2B4C1D3E3。即煤粒度级0.125-0.074mm、煤浆浓度60g/L、捕收剂用量1.73g/kg(此处kg代表空气干燥基煤样质量,下同)、起泡剂用量0.18g/kg、搅拌转速2000r/min时,可直接获得产率38.26%,灰分3.52% ,硫分0.34%的精煤。在最佳浮选工艺条件的基础上,进一步对选矿过程中捕收剂乳化、浮选-絮凝工艺组合进行了探讨。在捕收剂乳化试验中,选用四种不同类型的乳化剂对捕收剂进行乳化、浮选。其中以十二烷基硫酸钠乳化效果最好,在油水比1/1时,浮选出的精煤产率61.59%,灰分4.21%,硫分0.43%,浮选节油率达到50%。在浮选-絮凝试验中,选用了四种不同类型的絮凝剂,其中以聚合氯化铝对浮选影响显著。通过浮选-絮凝试验与浮选试验结果对比可知,当聚合氯化铝的用量为0.1g/kg时,精煤产率42.15%,提高0.89%;精煤灰分2.96%,降低0.56%;硫分0.31%,降低0.03%;完善指标46.98%,可燃体回收率52.58%,节油率50%。通过工艺优化,确定彬长细粒煤浮选-絮凝最佳工艺组合条件,即煤粒度级0.125-0.074mm、煤浆浓度60g/L、乳化捕收剂(捕收剂经十二烷基硫酸钠乳化)0.865g/kg、起泡剂用量0.18g/kg、絮凝剂用量0.1g/kg,搅拌速率2000r/min时,获得产率42.15%,灰分从22.21%降低为2.96%,硫分从2.07%降低为0.31%的低灰低硫精煤。采用浮选工艺优化、捕收剂乳化和添加絮凝剂等措施,对彬长细粒煤脱灰降硫浮选制精煤的研究,为彬长细粒煤今后的工业化洗选加工提供了可靠的理论和实践依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The flotation-flocculation mineral experiment was conducted to float clean coal from Huo shi zui fine coal in Bin chang mining area with high ash and high sulfur content. This paper studied the factors that influenced the clean coal ash and sulfur content. These factors above were as follows: raw coal quality, coal slurry concentration, reagent system, technological process, and flocculant agents. Take the step by step release deashing process for flotation clean coal. The effects of coal particle size (A), concentration of coal slurry (B), collecting agent (C), frothing agent (D) and agitating speed (E) on the yield of fine coal, ash and sulfur content were investigated. According to the orthogonal experiment with the previous factors, the primary sequence affecting the yield of fine coal is : D>E>C>A>B, and the optimum operation conditions are determined to be A2B4C1D3E3, which are 0.125-0.074mm, 60g/L, 1.73g/kg(kg represents the weight of coal sample on the air dried basis, the same as below), 0.18g/kg, 2000r/min, respectively, with the yield of clean coal 38.26%, ash 3.52% and sulfur content 0.34%.On the base of determine the optimum combined conditions of flotation process, further to investigate the emulsified collector and flotation - flocculation combined process in mineral-processing. The results showed that using sodium dodecyl sulfate as the emulsified collector had the best effect on emulsify. When oil-water ratio is 1/1, the yield of clean coal 61.59%, the ash 4.21%, sulfur content 0.43%, and fuel saving rate 50%.In the flotation- flocculant experiment, selecting four different flocculant agents respectively and the cationic polyaluminium chloride had significant effect. The flotation- flocculant experiment and flotation experiment indicated that when the cationic polyaluminium chloride dosage was 0.1g/kg, the yield of clean coal was 42.15% which increased 0.89%; the ash was 2.96% which reduced 0.56%; the sulfur content was 0.31% which decreased 0.03%. The perfection index is 46.98%, the combustible material rrecovery is 52.58%, the fuel saving rate is 50%.The optimum operation conditions are finally determined by process optimization, the coal particle size is 0.125-0.074mm, coal slurry concentration is 60g/L, emulsified collector (the collector is emulsified by sodium dodecyl sulfate ) is 0.865kg/t, frothing agent is 0.18g/kg, flocculant dosage is 0.1g/kg, the agitating rate is 2000r/min, obtained the low ash and sulfur content clean coal with the yield 42.15%, the ashcontent decreased from 22.21% to 2.96% ,the sulfur content decreased fom 2.07% to 0.31%.This paper studied the deashing and desulfurization process of Bin chang fine coal with flotation process, collector emulsification and adding flocculant, which provide reliable theoretical and practical basis for washing processing of Bin chang fine coal.更多还原