【作者】 蔡俊；

【导师】 刘霞；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 公共管理， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着信息时代的来临和全球危机应对(包括灾害应对)理念的提升,各国政府在破坏性地震发生后的应急响应能力正越来越引发公众的关注。一次地震所造成的破坏除了和地震本身性质、能量等因素有关外,还和发生地政府的应急响应能力有着直接的关系。我国作为一个地震多发的国家,建国以来相继遭遇了几次伤亡惨重的地震。随着国家经济水平的提高,应急理念的发展和多次地震应对中经验的累计,我国政府在地震应急预案体系建设,应急体制、机制、法制建设等方面都取得了显著的成效,但离公众的期待还有距离。尤其是近几年中,汶川地震、玉树地震的相继发生,使政府原有的应急响应机制暴露出了一些问题。本文综合借鉴了危机管理、应急管理、系统论、公共危机治理等相关理论,重在探讨政府在破坏性地震发生后如何快速有效的进行应急预案的启动、信息获取和多部门间协调联动。全文共分五个部分,第一部分是对相关问题国内外研究现状的梳理,并形成研究思路;第二部分是对应急管理、应急响应、应急协调、破坏性地震等概念进行介绍,同时介绍我国现有的地震应急响应工作体制和协调机制;第三部分以邢台地震、汶川地震、玉树地震震后,我国政府的具体表现为案例,通过比较分析,研究得出我国政府在应急体制建设、科技水平运用上取得显著提高,但是在应急预案体系建设、震后信息的及时获取和地震救援部门的沟通协调中依然存在着不足;第四部分介绍了美国、意大利、日本等国家在地震应急响应中的一些特点。并通过对此次日本9.0级大地震的实证研究,总结出国外在契约协调建设上为应急响应工作奠定了良好的基础,同时在信息协调方面依然存在不足;最后从改善应急管理体制、完善应急预案体系等方面提出如何改善政府在破坏性地震发生后的震后应急响应工作的对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the arrival of information age and ascension of global crisis concept, governments of earthquake emergency response ability are increasingly concerned by people. An earthquake damage has a direct relationship with the local government emergency response ability besides the earthquake properties itself.As a frequent earthquakes country, China has experienced several disastrous earthquakes since the founding of new China. With the development of the national economic and emergency concept, and the increase of the earthquake disposal experience, the construction on earthquake emergency predetermined plan system, emergency system, emergency mechanism and emergency legal system are improved. But, it’s a fair distance away from the people’s expectations. Especially in the last few years, Wenchuan and Yushu destructive earthquake occurred one after another. Government’s original earthquake response mechanism in these earthquakes exposed some problems. This dissertation attempts to inquire how quickly and effectively the government start emergency plans, information access and multi-sectoral coordination after the destructive earthquakes with some ideas of crisis management, emergency management and system theory. There are five parts in this dissertation. Firstly, it is a summary of the present situation of the research related to this subject. Secondly, it is to introduce the concepts of emergency management, emergency response, emergency coordination and destructive earthquakes. Meanwhile, the existing system of earthquake emergency response and coordination mechanisms will also be introduced in the same section. Thirdly, it will give some cases study which was regarding to the specific work of our government in Xingtai earthquake, Wenchuan earthquake and Yushu earthquake. With comparative analysis, this dissertation tries to explain the advantages of the government in emergency system construction and the use of scientific achievements. However, some shortages in emergency plans construction, information timely access and multi-sectoral coordination are still in place. Then, it is to introduce the successful experiences of the USA, Italy and Japan in emergency response. Combined with a questionnaire survey on this Japan earthquake, it is to summarize that foreign countries have laid a good foundation by construction of contract coordination for emergency response. On the other hand, it still contains some shortages in the respect of information coordination. In the end, the author will give some suggestions such as improving emergency management system and emergency plans system to improve emergency response.更多还原