【作者】 宋崇阳；

【导师】 周铁钢；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 结构工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 生土建筑贴近自然,融于自然,在我国具有悠久的历史。当前,在我国西部广大贫困农村地区,生土建筑仍然是农村居住用房的主要结构形式之一。生土农房虽然保温节能,居住舒适,但由于材料强度低、结构松散,房屋抗震安全性能较差,往往在中强地震时即发生粉碎性倒塌。如何扬长避短,通过材料、构造措施、施工工艺等方面的改良,提升其抗震安全性能,是论文研究的重点。本文在实地调研的基础上,结合新疆抗震安居工程建设和一些灾后重建项目,针对如何提升生土农房的抗震安全性能,进行了以下方面的研究与探索:(1)对试验所用到的材料土坯、灰膏进行了基本力学性能试验;设计了两种新型土坯墙房屋结构形式:整体木构架-土坯墙结构、新型灰膏-土坯墙结构,并分别按照一定缩尺制作模型,通过模型振动台试验,考察了这两种结构形式房屋在不同地震烈度下的地震反应及结构的破坏特征。(2)从模型试验数据、破坏特征来看,整体木构架-土坯墙结构中整体木构件与土坯墙的共同工作,新型灰膏-土坯墙结构中木柱与水泥砂浆配筋带的协调工作(灰缝使用了改良材料:灰膏),使得这两种模型结构在8度中震作用下都保持了良好的整体性,结构未倒塌。(3)本文结合课题组的一些实际援建工程、灾后重建项目,对生土结构农房抗震设计提出了一些对策。本文是对传统生土结构农房的适宜性改良,包括结构的创新、构造措施的改进、材料的改良,这些对传统生土结构农房抗震性能提高很大,可以在我国贫困地区农房建设中加以应用;同时对我国生土结构农房的研究具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Earth building,which commune with nature,has a long history in China.Currently, earth building is always one of main structure types of rural housing in vast impoverished rural areas of China. Although earth building has good capability of heat preservation and heat insulation and comfortable living, it’s earthquake-resistance behavior is low due to the low strength and loose structure of material, so the earth buildings collapse smashing in intermediate and large earthquake frequently.The focal point of this paper is how to enhance the earthquake-resistance behavior of earth building by improving the material, structuring measures, construction technology.On the base of field research,according to the XinJiang comfortable housing Project and some post-disaster reconstruction project,aiming at enhancing the earthquake-resistance behavior of earth building, the main results of this paper summarized as follows:(1)Developed two kinds of new structure forms of the earthbuilding which Wooden Framework of Mud Walls and new grout adobe walls structure are included. Making the mode first in the light of certain scale respectively, then gained the react to earthquakes and the rupture character of the two kinds of structure under the different intensities through the table-test.(2)According to the data and destructive features from the test, we found that wooden member have a cooperative work with adobe wall in the structure of the Wooden Framework of Mud Walls; While the cooperative work existing between wooden column and Cement mortar reinforcement belt in the new gypsum-adobe wall dwellings because of the strengthen effect from the emplaster. All these made the model of these two kinds kept a well integrity and did’t collapse until the very end of the test which imitated the 8 degrees earthquake, it fully demonstrated that these two kinds of structure are satisfied the requirement of seismic fortification.(3)In addition based on the project in post-disaster reconstruction the paper put forward some suggestions on the aseismatic design of the earthbuilding.This paper is study on the improvement to the suitability of the earthbuilding, mainly include these aspects as follows: the innovation on the form of the structure; the improvement to details of seismic design; material improvement, all these have a great help to the improvement of the earthquake resistant behaviour of the earthbuilding and can widely use in the house construction in the poor areas. Meanwhile it has a certain reference value on the study of the research of rural building in poor areas.更多还原