【作者】 刘卫波；

【导师】 刘展； 魏合龙；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 地图制图学与地理信息工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 多尺度三维地质对象的建模和可视化技术是地学研究的前沿领域,被列为国家863计划“数字油气田关键技术研究”项目的重点攻关内容。其目标是应用计算机三维可视化技术,把油气勘探开发中的大量地质对象及数据以三维的方式进行集成展示,使地学工作者能更直观的了解目标研究区已知的各种地质成果及数据,从而为石油勘探开发提供更好的决策支持。油气田地质对象三维建模及可视化技术是一个涉及多个专业领域的复杂的系统工程,涉及的内容十分广泛。地表关键导航数据的组织及可视化、地下地质对象的三维建模及可视化是与油气田生产密切相关的关键技术,因此其研究对数字油气田的理论和实践都有重要意义。本文在对国内外油气田多源、异构、海量的数据特点和数据服务技术、地面地下地质体建模技术、石油行业的三维可视化工具及软件等现状的深入调研的基础上,分析了数字油气田的关键地质对象的可视化需求,研究了储量数据、井数据、油藏剖面图等关键地质对象的三维可视化方法,实现了基于可视化方法的地质对象三维可视化展示。本文所进行的工作主要如下:1)研究了井眼轨迹展示方式、钻录测数据三维模型的构建技术、井数据的多尺度展示方式等井筒数据展示的关键技术,实现了基于LOD技术进行多尺度可视化展示,并开发了软件模块。2)研究了以井数据为核心的多种交互方式。通过对拾取方式进行对比分析,选取射线法对地质目标进行拾取。在准确快速拾取的基础上,设计了浏览放大器、右键菜单、定位查询等交互方式,开发了软件模块。3)开发了油田勘探开发多尺度地质对象三维可视化软件,设计了系统的构架,满足了数字油气田中数据和交互方式复杂多变的需求,实现了易扩展的三维可视化程序框架。本文的研究成果已经在胜利油田的埕岛油田关键井的三维可视化示范中得到了应用,证明了方法的有效性和实用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three-dimensional modeling and visualization technology for the geological objects of oil-gas field is frontiers in the earthgeo-research, which is listed as the key research content in the national 863 project - "Key Technologies Research of Digital Oil-gas Field". By using 3D visualization technology, large numbers of geological objects in oil-gas field are constructed into three-dimensional images, so geoscientists can gain a deeper understanding of the generation, development and influence of various geological phenomena, which plays a crucial role on petroleum exploration and development. This paper mainly focused on key navigation data of surface in oil field exploration and development, three-dimensional modeling and visualization of underground geological objects, and the key technologies in software implementation, which have the theoretical and practical significance in oil and gas fields.This paper had an in-depth research on several current situations such as multi-source, heterogeneous, vast amounts of data characteristics and data services technology of the domestic and foreign oil-gas field, geological modeling technology of both surface and underground, 3D visualization tools and softwares in the oil industry and so on. From the beginning of visualization requirements of the key geological bodies in oil-gas fields, this paper analyzed well trajectory, reserve data, stratigraphic structure and reservoir profiles, studied the three-dimensional modeling and visualization technology of these objects and raised the design and implementation method to extensible three-dimensional program framework. The innovative and exploratory work is mainly as follows:1) In visualization technology of proved reserves in oilfield, by using boundary representation model, the polygonal cylindrical model was designed to achieve three-dimensional display of reserve data. By customizing the query, displaying and interacting with layers and the wellbores integration, which could successfully meet the needs of geological comprehensive researchers and reserve managers to understand reserve information.2) A wide range of map formats were studied in oil industry, by digitalizing the structural map and using Delaunay triangulation algorithm, then the precise review of structural map was implemented in the three-dimensional space. Through using the spatial method to reservoir profile, the integration display and interaction of reservoir profile was completed.3) In digital oil-gas field, the easiest to change is data and interactive means, therefore the data services layer and data type plug-in design method were induced in the three-dimensional programe framework, which implemented easily extensible visualization framework. The three-dimensional visualization program framework has a rational structure design and is easy to expand. The researches and key technologies summarized in this paper have already demonstrated initially in the key projects of the national 863 program "Key Technologies Research of Digital Oil-gas Field", and it is very effective in practice.更多还原