【作者】 胡海燕；

【导师】 王义副；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 核科学与技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 医学图像对发现早期病情、确诊病情、了解治疗效果、确定后续治疗计划都有着至关重要的作用。X射线成像是获取医学图像的重要方式,它经历了胶片成像、CR成像和DR成像的发展历程。DR系统由于图像质量高、成像速度快、直接生成数字化图像、图像处理功能强大、辐照剂量小等优点,成为当前X射线成像领域的热门研究方向。在我国,对DR的研究还不深入,DR成像系统的应用也较少,因此DR系统在研究领域和应用领域都具有广阔的前景。本文研究了基于CCD医用X射线数字成像系统,系统硬件部分由闪烁屏、反射镜、镜头组、CCD相机、计算机组成,实现图像的拍摄和数字化,软件部分即图像采集和处理软件,用于采集、处理、管理拍摄的图像。本文的主要研究内容包括:系统的结构设计、工作原理、各器件的工作原理及性能;图像拍摄过程中引起图像质量下降的原因分析及校正方法的研究;图像采集与处理软件的设计,软件在参考PACS和遵循DICOM标准的基础上实现用户需求;图像处理方法的研究,包括图像的空间变换和图像增强方法等。基于CCD医用X射线数字成像系统具有好的空间分辨率、动态范围和可靠性,并且系统的价格合理,操作简单,便于推广使用,有助于推动我国DR系统的发展和应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Medical images play an important role in medical diagnosis, checking treatment effect, confirmation of the treatment plan. X-ray imaging is an important means to obtain medical images. X-ray imaging was developed from film imaging, CR imaging to DR imaging. DR system has many advantages such as high image quality and fast imaging speed and acquisition of digital image directly and powerful image processing function and low radiation dosage, so it is becoming a hot research in X-ray imaging area. In China, the study on DR system and the application of DR system are still in beginning, so DR system has broad prospect in study field and application field.This paper study on the CCD based X-ray digital imaging system, it includes both hardware and software parts. The part of hardware includes scintillation screen,mirror, lens, CCD camera and computer, it is used to take medical images. The part of software is the image capture and processing software, it is used to finish the image capturing, processing and management. In this paper, the main contents include four parts. Firstly, we introduced the design of system structure and working principle and expounded the working principle and performance of components. Secondly, we analyzed the reasons which degrade image quality and studied methods to adjust them. Thirdly, we designed the image acquisition and processing software, which consulted PACS and follows the DICOM standard and can satisfy user’s need. Finally, we studied image processing methods, such as space conversion methods and image enhanced methods.The CCD based medical X-ray digital imaging system we developed has good spatial resolution, high dynamic range and high reliability. This system is inexpensive and can be operated easily. It will be widely used in medical diagnosis and it will be helpful for the study and application of DR system.更多还原