【作者】 王观武；

【导师】 曾亮；

【作者基本信息】 国防科学技术大学 ， 计算机科学与技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机图形处理硬件的持续发展,软件的不断完善,特别是1998年后随着可编程图形处理单元(Programmable Graphics Processing Unit, GPU)的出现和发展,图形绘制技术已经深入并影响着人类生产、生活各个方面。与此同时随着社会的发展,各个应用领域也对图形绘制提出了更高的要求,特别是数据规模不断扩大,绘制场景更加精细,单机上完成图形绘制往往达不到这个要求。因此,并行绘制技术成为近年来的研究热点。并行绘制技术发展迅速,许多技术得到开发,许多典型系统得到应用。其中GPU集群系统发展迅速,它具有强大的图形显示功能,同时又拥有一定计算能力。本文对基于GPU集群的并行绘制系统的关键技术进行了深入研究,是对传统并行绘制技术应用领域的一个扩展,完成的主要工作和取得的主要研究成果如下:首先,提出了基于GPU集群的并行绘制体系结构。该体系结构充分发挥了GPU集群的特点,是对传统的并行绘制适用范围的一个扩展。该体系结构为典型的sort-last类体系结构,同时又构建了堆叠显示的显示区域网络,对每个显示区域进行独立的二分交换合成算法,取得了不错的性能,绘制真实感和高分辨率;同时将GPGPU技术应用于基于GPU集群的并行绘制体系结构中,充分发挥现代GPU的各项潜能。其次,提出了GPU集群上基于数据包围盒的KD树动态划分策略。针对静态数据划分存在负载不平衡的问题,动态划分策略本身算法开销太大的问题,使用基于数据包围盒的KD树动态划分策略,并阐述了其在GPU上的实现,在场景数据分布不均匀或变化剧烈的情况下,取得较好的性能提升。最后,研究了基于ParaView的并行绘制开发环境和实现了一个通用并行绘制开发环境。ParaView为可视化领域应用广泛的成熟的可视化平台。本文研究了利用其功能扩展插件功能实现并行绘制的方法。该开发环境功能强大,但是修改量太大,且性能下降较大。结合基于GPU集群系统的并行绘制体系结构研究和基于数据包围盒的KD树动态任务划分策略研究,依据尽可能小的修改原单机绘制程序的目标和性能尽可能高的原则,本文构建了通用的并行绘制开发环境,描述了开发环境的实现步骤,明确了各模块的功能等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of hardware, theories and technologies of computer graphics, specially, the Programmable Graphics Processing Unit’s appearance and development after 1998, the technology of graphics rendering goes deep into many fields of human being’s production and life. At the same time, the progressive society keeps challenging the technologies of graphics rendering on various aspects, for example, the more complex and subtle dataset. A single computer can’t satisfy this demand. So the parallel rendering becomes an important technology to implement high performance graphics rendering.The parallel rendering technology is developing rapidly. New technology is developed and a lot typical systems have been applied. In recent years, GPU cluster has a powerful graphics rendering capabilities and some computing power. This dissertation has depth studied of the key technology of the parallel rendering system based on the GPU cluster which is an extension of the scope of the traditional parallel rendering technology. This dissertation makes contribution on three aspects to the research of parallel rendering system based on GPU cluster.First, a new parallel rendering architecture based on the GPU cluster is proposed. This architecture gives full play to the characteristics of the GPU cluster. It is the typical sort-last architecture, and constructions of a tiled display.For each tile, an independently binary-swap image composition algorithm is run to get the final image. The better performance, more realistic, higher resolution is achieved. And the GPGPU technology is applied to this architecture, to make use of the various potential of modern GPU.Second, A KD tree dynamic data partitioning strategy based on data bounding box for the GPU cluster parallel rendering system is put forward to solve the problem that the unbalance load problem of the static load balance strategy and the problem that the overhead of dynamic load balance strategy is too expensive. When the scene data is uneven or changes drastically, this strategy achieves a better performance.At last, this dissertation implements a parallel rendering development environment based on ParaView which is a mature platform in the visualization field. We use the ParaView’s function extension plugin to implement parallel rendering.This development environment’s function is powerful, but the change of original program is too big and performance is descendent.At the same time this paper realized of all method discussing above in a general-purpose parallel rendering development environment followed by the goals that the change of original program is as small as possible and the performance is as high as possible. We describe the steps of construction the general-purpose parallel rendering development environment and the function of its modules. Key Words:Parallel rendering, GPU cluster, Architecture, Load balance更多还原