【作者】 陈桂红；

【导师】 刘铁根；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 光学工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 干涉式光纤陀螺是惯性元件家族中最具优势、最有发展前景的角速度传感器之一。国外研制的光纤陀螺已经在各个领域得到应用,但是国内光纤陀螺的研制现状还远远落后于世界先进水平。国内光纤陀螺存在的主要问题是高精度光纤陀螺受温度变化或温度梯度影响,陀螺温漂非常显著,极大地限制了高精度光纤陀螺的工程应用。本文首先对光纤环引入的各种非互易性误差进行机理研究,光纤环引入的非互易误差包括:光学克尔效应、瑞利背向散射、磁光法拉第效应、偏振噪声、Shupe温度效应等,这些光学效应引起的非互易性都将使光纤环传输的光信息发生变化,引起陀螺噪声。在光纤环产生的所有非互易性误差中,保偏光纤环的Shupe温度效应是产生光纤陀螺零偏随温度或温度梯度变化的关键原因。在详细研究由温度变化引起的Shupe非互易性误差机理的理论基础上,指出使用特殊的环圈绕制方式可以抑制陀螺的温漂问题。普通光纤环绕制方式包括柱形绕法、单极绕法、两极绕法和四极绕法,通过理论推导,四极对称绕法对抑制Shupe误差最有效。但是由于绕制过程中存在一些非理想因素,并不能完全消除光纤环圈中温度梯度的影响,而且随着光纤长度的增加,这种的残余效应会越来越明显,限制了光纤陀螺精度的进一步提高。鉴于四极对称方式绕制的环圈仍然存在残余的温度误差,必须提出新的绕制方式进一步降低Shupe误差的影响。通过对几种新绕制方法的对比,包括绕制难度和可操作性等,首次采取八极对称方式绕制光纤环圈,在确定并解决绕制工艺难点的前提下,利用现有绕线机成功绕制一支八极绕法环圈。本文中搭建了光纤环圈温度性能测试系统,通过该系统的测试和陀螺的最终测试结果对八极环圈与四极环圈温度性能进行了对比,进一步验证了八极绕法对抑制Shupe误差的有效应和优越性,为下一步光纤陀螺温度性能的提升打下了重要基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The I-FOG is one of the most predominant and promising angle rate sensors in inertial unit’s family. FOG has already been applied in many fields in western countries, but its research level is still gotten behind in China. It is the most difficult problem that the FOG with high precision has a obvious bias drift caused by temperature change or temperature grade, so its application is limited to a great extent.In this paper, influences caused by all kinds of non-reciprocal errors in fiber coil are researched at first, and it is shown that the PM fiber coil is sensitive to temperature grade is the most important reason why the bias drift is related to the temperature change or temperature grade. On the base of the research about the theory of Shupe non-reciprocal errors caused by temperature change, it shows that the bias drift caused by temperature can be restrained by using special coil winding method.Common coil winding methods are including column-winding, monopole-winding, dipole-winding and quadrupole-winding. Theoretical analysis shows that the quadrupole-winding method is the most effective one. But there are many nonideal factors in the winding procedure, the influence caused by temperature grade cannot be extinguished totally. And the fiber is longer, more obvious the residual Shupe effect is, so it is limited to improve the precision of FOG further. That is the reason why we must put forward a new fiber coil winding method to reduce the influence caused by residual Shupe effect. By comparing difficulties and operabilities of several winding method, we applied the octupole-winding method to make the fiber coil at the first time and finished a octupole coil successfully with present machine on the precondition of making sure and resolving difficulties of winding craft.In this paper, we built a testing system of fiber coil temperature performance, and we compared the temperature performance of quadrupole-winding coil to the temperature performance of octupole-winding coil by the testing system and the final testing data of the gyroscope. It is proved that the octupole-winding method is more effective and predominant to reduce the influence caused by residual Shupe effect, and this conclusion is an important base on which we can improve FOG’s temperature performance futher.更多还原