【作者】 李明；

【导师】 王有科；

【作者基本信息】 甘肃农业大学 ， 林木遗传育种， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以秦安大红袍花椒10年生树为研究对象,在大田条件下,通过喷施外源1.0 mmol·L-1水杨酸后,对其坐果期及果实膨大期光合能力、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等生理生化指标进行测定。探讨SA对大红袍花椒光合能力及抗逆性方面的影响。试验结果表明:1叶面喷施SA能够提高大红袍花椒叶片的蒸腾速率、叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素的含量,增大气孔导度和胞间CO2的扩散速度,从而使大红袍花椒在坐果期以及果实膨大期内的净光合速率均显著高于同期对照。其中坐果期净光合速率平均值为9.22μmol·m- 2·s– 1,比同时期对照CK的Pn值提高了20.5%。果实膨大期,Pn平均值为:10.15μmol·m- 2·s– 1,比同期对照CK高出21.8%。2叶面喷施SA后大红袍花椒平均单株产量达到12.6kg,比对照增产了1.98 kg,增幅为18.64%。3叶面喷施SA能提高大红袍花椒叶片内的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离脯氨酸的含量,分别比对照提高13.97%和37.55%、7.46%和16.63%、18.09%和12.71%。可见叶面喷施SA提高大红袍花椒渗透调节能力,从而提高了大红袍花椒的抗旱能力。4叶面喷施SA能提高大红袍花椒叶片内SOD、POD、APX等抗氧化酶的活性,分别比对照提高11.77%和19.81%、11..72%和22.44%、18.09%和12.71%,能及时清除高温干旱所引起的植物体积累的活性氧,降低MDA的含量,降低干旱对大红袍花椒的伤害,但对CAT的活性影响不显著。研究结果表明,正常大田条件下通过叶面喷施1.0 mmol·L-1水杨酸处理大红袍花椒,光合能力显著提高,从而增加了果实产量;植株内渗透调节能力增强,抗氧化酶活性升高,增强了膜结构的稳定性和细胞清除活性氧的能力,从而提高了大红袍花椒的抗旱能力更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, ten-year-old plants of DaHongPao were used as experiment materials. By the 1.0mmol·L-1 SA solution was sprayed on the leaves of DaHongPao under natural condition. We measure the photosynthetic characteristics, physiological and Bio-chemical indicators, like MDA, proline content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, the activity of peroxidase, catalase activity, superoxide dismutase, superoxide anion production rate. The influences of the physiological and biochemical mechanism on DaHongPao by exogenous SA were discussed. All results are provided the base theory of photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant ability on DaHongPao. The results are showed that:1. By sprayed the 1.0mmol·L-1SA on the leaves of DaHongPao can improve and the protect photosynthesis structure. Results are showed that salicylic acid could significantly increase transpiration rate and the stomatal conductance of CO2, enlarge the propagation rate of Sub-stomatal CO2, and they are higher than relative CK by 20.5% during the fruit setting stage and 21.8% during expanding growth stage. The average rate of net photosynthetic rate is 9.22μmol·m- 2·s– 1 at the fruit setting stage and is 10.15μmol·m- 2·s– 1 at the expanding growth stage.2. Application of salicylic acid, the DaHongPao single output to achieve 12.6kg, increased production 1.98 kg compared to the comparison, the increased range is 18.64%.3. Application of salicylic acid can increase the contents of proline, soluble sugar and soluble protein have been larger than relative value, and they are higher than relative CK by13.97% and 37.55%,7.46% and16.63%,18.09% and12.71%,indicating that SA improves DaHongPao ability of penetration and mediation, and protecting structure of enzymes and membrane.4.Application of salicylic acid can increase the SOD, POD and APX activity of other antioxidant enzymes, can be removed the reactive oxygen and MDA in time as environmental change in the body of DaHongPao caused by maintain active oxygen production and elimination of dynamic equilibrium, reduce the degree of the peroxidation caused by the environmental change and the damage. However, salicylic acid has little effect on activity of CAT in DaHongPao.In the present work, by sprayed the 1.0mmol·L-1SA on the leaves of DaHongPao, could significantly increase net photosynthetic rate, thus increased the fruit output. And improve osomoregulation ability, activities of antioxidant enzymes. Consequently, SA enforces adaption ability of DaHongPao to environmental changes.更多还原