【作者】 魏栋成；

【导师】 刘东海； 冯正翔；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 水利工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家电价改革的推进,丰枯电价逐步在全国范围内推行,目前四川省已经率先实行了丰水期上网电价低、枯水期上网电价高的分期分时电价政策,给水电站的经济运行提出了新的课题。本文以二滩电站为例,从适当降低电站水库死水位,以增大调节库容,进一步发挥水库调节作用的角度出发,对电站安全运行及效益的影响进行了研究,为水电站,尤其是具有季调节及以上调节能力的水电站的经济运行提供了新的思路。主要研究成果如下:(1)针对二滩水电站水文与径流特点,采用分时段、分河段计算的有限差分方法,选用河流水库泥沙数字模拟系统软件(SUSBED-2),对初拟的三个死水位方案进行了水库泥沙冲淤计算,从计算结果可看出降低水库死水位运行对水库泥沙淤积无不良影响,相反还能延缓水库淤积。(2)按拱坝建设及运行资料,采用拱梁分载法,分析了低水位运行对大坝结构安全的影响,找出了主要载荷因素,并通过回归分析,预测了缝面接触状态。(3)对水轮机设计运行条件进行分析,确定了满足水轮机运行的可能最低水头,并通过低水头下能量指标、气蚀特性、运行稳定性的分析,结合现场试验数据,提出了运行趋势分析及运行建议。(4)根据径流系列、库容曲线、调度图,按拟定的死水位方案,进行径流调节和能量指标计算、机组受阻容量和有效电量及发电收入分析,得出了在分时电价政策下水库低水位运行有利于促进电站发电效益增长。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advance of the national electricity price reform, the rainy and dry season power price gradually implemented throughout the country. Electricity pricing policy, low in ranny season and high in dry season, has been taken the lead to implement in Sichuan Province. It raised new issues to the economic operation of hydropower stations. Ertan Hydropower Station is an example in this paper, the safe operation and benefit influence of power plant are studied when reducing dead storage level to increase storage capacity and further playing a regulating role of reservoir. New ideas of economic operation are proposed for hydropower stations having the capacity of seasonal regulation.Aiming at the hydrology and runoff characters of Ertan hydropower station, finite difference method as sub-period and reach are adopted. The digital simulation system software (SUSBED-2) on river reservoir sediment can calculate the sediment flushing based on the three primary levels of dead water schemes. The results show that there are no undesirable effects for the sediment flushing of reservoir when reducing the level of dead water; on the contrary, it can delay the sedimentation of reservoir.Based on the arch data about building and operation, using arch-cantilever method, we analyze the affect to dam structure security on low water-level operation and find out the main load factors. By regression analysis, the contact state among seam surface has been predicted.Study on the operation condition of hydraulic turbine, get the probably lowest water head suitable for the turbine operation, and analyze the energy index on the low head, cavitations characteristics and operation stability. According to the site test data, some operation trend analysis and operation suggestions have been put forward.According to the runoff series, the storage curve, the operation chart, and the drafted plan on death water level, calculate the flow regulation and the energy index, analyze the unit blocked capacity, the effective electric quantity and the electricity generation income. A result that low water-level operation under tou power price policy is beneficial to improve the generation benefit of hydropower station has been educed.更多还原