【作者】 牛传凯；

【导师】 谭羽非；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球经济的迅猛发展,人们对化石燃料的需求量迅速增加,导致二氧化碳（CO₂）的排放量逐年递增,温室效应问题越来越得到人们的重视。温室效应是由以CO₂为代表的温室气体的大量排放造成的,化石燃料燃烧产生的CO₂占人类活动引起的CO₂排放量的80%,其中烟气CO₂排放量占30%左右,因此烟气脱除CO₂是削减温室效应的关键。我国在烟气中CO₂的吸附捕获方面的研究还处于起步阶段。在此基础上,本文提出了一种加压吸附,通低压电脱附捕获CO₂的方法。通过分析各种吸附材料的性能,提出采用活性炭纤维做吸附剂吸附捕获烟气中CO₂。实验测定了活性炭纤维的导电性,在通电条件下,实验测定了活性炭纤维对CO₂的脱附量和脱附过程中脱附罐上的温度场,并分析了其热稳定性。通过对实验数据的分析,得到了CO₂/N₂混合吸附的等温线方程。在此基础上,建立了吸附捕获烟气中CO₂的模拟系统。本文依据流体力学、热力学、传热学的理论,分别建立吸附过程和脱附过程的热质传递模型,并利用有限容积法对方程进行了离散,同时运用SIMPLE算法对该模型进行了求解。并运用MATLAB编程计算,得到不同加压时间下的吸附性能和温度场和不同的通电电压下的脱附性能和温度场。本文针对所建立的吸附捕获烟气中CO₂模拟系统,分析影响系统吸、脱附性能的各种因素;分析导热系数、入口流量、通电电压和时间等参数对吸脱附性能的影响,并计算了相应的温度场和吸脱附量;为加压吸附、通低压电脱附捕获CO₂设备的研制提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the global economy, the demand of fossil fuel has rapidly increased. Therefore, the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions is incrementing year by year. More and more people have regarded the global change. Greenhouse effect cased by emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. The amount of carbon dioxide emission from fossil fuels accounts for 80 percent of all the emission caused by human activity, and the amount of carbon dioxide from power plants is 30 percent. So the removal of carbon dioxide from flue gas of power plants is the sticking point on greenhouse effect mitigation.The study on adsorbing and capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas in China is still in its infancy stage. On this basis, the method of capturing carbon dioxide by pressure swing adsorption and power swing desorption is presented in this paper. Activated carbon fiber as adsorbent for capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas is presented through analysing the performance of several adsorption materials. Electrical conductivity of activated carbon fiber was measured. Under the power-on condition, the quantity of activated carbon fiber desorbing carbon dioxide and the temperature distribution of desorption tank is measured during the experiment, and analyzed the thermal stability of it. Through the analysis of experimental data, adsorption isotherm equation of carbon dioxide and nitrogen was derived. On this based, it was established that the system of separating carbon dioxide from flue gas.According to the theory of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics and heat transfer, it is established that the dynamic model of tower during adsorption process and desorption process. These governing equations are discrete using finite volume method and solved using the algorithms of SIMPLE. The program is designed using MATLAB in order to get adsorption properties and temperature field in diffierent pressure boost times and desorption properties and temperature field of carbon dioxide in different power voltages.According to the simulation system of adsorbing and capturing carbon dioxide from flue gas, factors of influencing adsorption and desorption properties of carbon dioxide. The influence factors of thermal conductivity, flue gas flow of inlet, power-ontime and volt are analysised, and calculate the temperature filed and adsorption capacity and desorption capacity. It provide a reference for researching equipment of capturing carbon dioxide by pressure swing adsorption and power swing desorption.更多还原